which statement is true of the particles that make up a substance?
a. Particles in a liquid and particles in a solid have the same amount of energy
b. Particles in a solid have more energy than particles in a gas
c. Particles in a gas have more energy than particles in a liquid
d. Particles in a liquid have more energy than particles in a gas.

Answer:

b

Explanation:

Answer:

13 N to the right

Explanation:

Answer:

dang this hard I don't understand...

The order of atomic size for the given sets is: 1) Cs > K > Li; 2) Pb > Sn > Si; 3) F > O > N; 4) Te^2- > Sc > Sc^2-; 5) Fe^3+ > Co^3- > Fe^2+; 6) Ti^4- > Sc^3+ > Ca; 7) Be^2+ > Na+ > Ne.

Cs > K > Li: Among these alkali metals, Cs has the largest atomic radius due to its location at the bottom of the periodic table, followed by K and then Li.

Pb > Sn > Si: Moving down Group 14, the atomic size increases. Pb has the largest atomic radius, followed by Sn, and then Si.

F > O > N: Moving from left to right across Period 2, the atomic radius decreases. F has the smallest atomic radius due to its high effective nuclear charge, followed by O, and then N.

Te^2- > Sc > Sc^2-: The larger the negative charge on an ion, the larger its ionic radius. Thus, Te^2- has the largest radius, followed by the neutral Sc atom, and then the smaller Sc^2+ ion.

Fe^3+ > Co^3- > Fe^2+: Among these transition metal ions, Fe^3+ has the smallest ionic radius due to its higher positive charge. Co^3- has a larger radius due to its higher negative charge, and Fe^2+ has the largest radius among the three ions.

Ca > Sc^3+ > Ti^4-: Moving from left to right across the periodic table, cations decrease in size while anions increase in size. Therefore, Ti^4- has the largest radius, followed by Sc^3+, and then the cation Ca.

Be^2+ > Na+ > Ne: Moving across Period 2, the atomic radius decreases. Ne has the smallest atomic radius due to its high effective nuclear charge, followed by Na+ (lost one electron), and then Be^2+ (lost two electrons), which has the largest atomic radius among the three.

Hence, the order of atomic size for the given sets is: 1) Cs > K > Li; 2) Pb > Sn > Si; 3) F > O > N; 4) Te^2- > Sc > Sc^2-; 5) Fe^3+ > Co^3- > Fe^2+; 6) Ti^4- > Sc^3+ > Ca; 7) Be^2+ > Na+ > Ne.

Know more about Atomic Size here:

https://brainly.com/question/29093022

#SPJ11

Incomplete question. However, I provided a specific example of stewardship of the atmosphere.

Explanation:

First, note that the term stewardship refers to the belief that humans are obligated to take care and look after our environment (which includes the atmosphere.

An example of this is: deciding to change our mode of transportation: What this entails is that we may decide to switch to riding a bicycle to places rather than going by car. By so doing you will be reducing the number of greenhouse gases emitted into the environment as bicycles do not emit harmful gases when used.

Answer:

c

Explanation:

major changes in the environment

Major changes in the environment are the ultimate cause of most mass extinctions. Therefore, option (C) is correct.

The extinction of a large number of animals altogether is called a mass extinction. The fossil records indicate that something uncommon happened millions of years ago. A wide range of animals died suddenly which can be referred to as a mass extinction.

As the new species begin evolving, the old species got reduced from the earth. More than 90% of the creatures have become extinct in the last 500 million years. Mass extinctions are deadly events that took place 250 million years ago. During the “Great Dying”, 96 percent of the marine species were depleted.

Changes in the salt and oxygen concentration in the oceans can be the reason for extinction. The meteorite attacks on the earth, volcanic activities, and anoxic conditions, and all led to the extinction of a large mass of animals.

Learn more about mass extinctions, here:

https://brainly.com/question/11872946

#SPJ3

The formula for calculating the pH of a solution is expressed as:

Given the following parameter

pH =. 6.36

Substitute

Determine the concentration of [OH-] in the solution

Answer:

22.4L

Explanation:

not sure if its totally correct but I tried

The change in Gibbs free energy for set A is 68 kJ, for set B is -38 kJ, for set C is 140 kJ, and for set D is -150 kJ. The reaction in set A, C is non- spontaneous, while the reactions in sets B, and D are spontaneous.

The change in Gibbs free energy (ΔG) is a measure of whether a chemical reaction is spontaneous or not. If ΔG is negative, the reaction is spontaneous, while if ΔG is positive, the reaction is nonspontaneous.

ΔG = ΔH - TΔS

ΔG = (90 kJ) - (303 K)(0.152 kJ/K)

ΔG = 67.8 kJ

ΔG ≈ 68 kJ

ΔG = ΔH - TΔS

ΔG = (90 kJ) - (750 K)(0.152 kJ/K)

ΔG = -38.4 kJ

ΔG ≈ -38 kJ

ΔG = ΔH - TΔS

ΔG = (90 kJ) - (303 K)(-0.152 kJ/K)

ΔG = 135.9 kJ

ΔG ≈ 140 kJ

ΔG = ΔH - TΔS

ΔG = (-90 kJ) - (407 K)(0.152 kJ/K)

ΔG = -145.5 kJ

ΔG ≈ -150 kJ

In part B, and D, the calculated ΔG values are negative, indicating that the reactions are spontaneous. In part A, C, the calculated ΔG value is positive, indicating that the reaction is nonspontaneous.

For parts E, F, G, and H, we can use the sign of ΔG to predict whether the reaction is spontaneous or nonspontaneous at the given temperature. If ΔG is negative, the reaction is spontaneous, while if ΔG is positive, the reaction is nonspontaneous.

Since ΔG is positive, the reaction in part A will be nonspontaneous at the given temperature.

Since ΔG is negative, the reaction in part B will be spontaneous at the given temperature.

Since ΔG is positive, the reaction in part C will be nonspontaneous at the given temperature.

Since ΔG is negative, the reaction in part D will be spontaneous at the given temperature.

To know more about Gibbs free energy:

https://brainly.com/question/13795204

#SPJ4

Answer:

Atoms, and chemical make up

Explanation:

Our bodies and any other terrestrial body are formed with atoms, those same atoms from a chemical make-up that creates items, such as water with 2 hydrogen atoms and 1 oxygen atom is formed. In essence, we all are about atoms and chemical makeup is the instruction on how to build us

When the Ag concentration is 1.04 m, the observed cell potential at 298k for an electrochemical cell with the following reaction is 1.603v, then the Cr3+ concentration is 4.17 x 10^-5 M.

To find the Cr3+ concentration, we need to use the Nernst equation which relates the concentration of ions to the cell potential. The reaction in the electrochemical cell is:

Cr3+ + 3e- → Cr(s)

The standard reduction potential for this reaction is -0.74 V.

Using the Nernst equation:

Ecell = E°cell - (RT/nF) ln(Q)

Where:
Ecell = cell potential = 1.603 V
E°cell = standard cell potential = -0.74 V
R = gas constant = 8.314 J/mol-K
T = temperature = 298 K
n = number of electrons transferred = 3
F = Faraday constant = 96,485 C/mol
Q = reaction quotient = [Cr3+]/[Ag+]^3

Substituting the values:

1.603 V = -0.74 V - (8.314 J/mol-K x 298 K / (3 x 96,485 C/mol) x ln([Cr3+]/(1.04 M)^3))

Simplifying:

ln([Cr3+]/(1.04 M)^3) = -((1.603 V + 0.74 V) x 3 x 96,485 C/mol) / (8.314 J/mol-K x 298 K)

ln([Cr3+]/(1.04 M)^3) = -8.25

Taking the exponential of both sides:

[Cr3+]/(1.04 M)^3 = 3.95 x 10^-4

Solving for [Cr3+]:

[Cr3+] = (3.95 x 10^-4) x (1.04 M)^3

[Cr3+] = 4.17 x 10^-5 M

Therefore, the Cr3+ concentration is 4.17 x 10^-5 M.

To know more about the Nernst equation, click below.

https://brainly.com/question/30101528

#SPJ11

0.056 mol of H₂ gas occupies a volume of 1.26 L at 25°C and 1.11 atm pressure. To solve this problem we make use of the expression of ideal gas law equation.

The ideal gas law is an equation that relates the pressure, volume, temperature, and number of moles of an ideal gas. It is expressed mathematically as:

PV = nRT

where P = pressure,

V = volume,

n = the number of moles,

R = 0.0821 L·atm/mol·K, and

T = the temperature in Kelvin.

First, we need to convert the temperature of 25°C to Kelvin:

T = 25°C + 273.15 = 298.15 K

From ideal gas law:

(1.11 atm) V = (0.056 mol) (0.0821 L·atm/mol·K) (298.15 K)

Simplifying the equation, we get:

V = (0.056 mol) (0.0821 L·atm/mol·K) (298.15 K) / (1.11 atm)

V = 1.26 L

Therefore, 0.056 mol of H₂ gas occupies a volume of 1.26 L at 25°C and 1.11 atm pressure.

Learn more about ideal gas law here:

https://brainly.com/question/28257995

#SPJ1

Answer:

See below

Explanation:

To convert from Celcius to Kelvin, you add 273.15.

To convert from Kelvin to Celcius, you subtract 273.15

109.85     383

80            353.15

49.85       323

10             283.15

-10            263.15

-30.15       243

Answer:

electron loses energy as it transitions to lower energy level

Explanation:

An atom is capable of absorbing and releasing electrons. The atom of a substance is said to be at its GROUND LEVEL STATE when it contains the lowest energy level. However, when it absorbs or takes in energy, it moves to a high energy level called EXCITED STATE. This level is unstable and hence, subject to declination.

Due to the instability of the excited state of an atom, it tends to lose the absorbed electrons and in the process of doing so, it emits or produce light. Therefore, according to this question, light is produced by an atom when the electron loses energy as it transitions to lower energy level i.e excited state to ground level state.

The balanced equation for the reaction between hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide is:

HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H2O

For which,  36.53 grams of sodium chloride will form when 25.0 g of hydrochloric acid and 25.0 g of sodium hydroxide are mixed.

The balanced equation for the reaction between hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide is:

HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H2O

When 25.0 g of sodium hydroxide is mixed with 25.0 g of hydrochloric acid, the amount of sodium hydroxide is the limiting reagent, since the amount of hydrochloric acid is in excess. To find out how many grams of sodium chloride form, we need to use stoichiometry. Let's start by finding the number of moles of sodium hydroxide we have:

n = m/Mn = 25.0 g / 40.00 g/mol = 0.625 mol

From the balanced equation, we see that the mole ratio between sodium hydroxide and sodium chloride is 1:1. This means that 0.625 moles of sodium chloride will form. Since we know the molar mass of sodium chloride, we can convert moles to grams:

mass = n × M

Mass = 0.625 mol × 58.44 g/mol = 36.53 g

Therefore, 36.53 grams of sodium chloride will form when 25.0 g of hydrochloric acid and 25.0 g of sodium hydroxide are mixed.

To know more about hydrochloric acid visit:

https://brainly.com/question/24784580

#SPJ11

The statement "When a solid solute is in contact with a saturated solution of this solute in a liquid, the rate of dissolving is equal to the rate of crystallization" is a TRUE statement.

This case is known as dynamic equilibrium. At this point, the solution is saturated and no more solute can be dissolved into the solution. The concentrations of the solute and solvent remain constant at equilibrium, even though the solute continues to dissolve and crystallize at the same rate. This is because the rate of dissolving and the rate of crystallization are equal, so there is no net change in the concentrations of the solute and solvent.

Learn more about dynamic equilibrium at https://brainly.com/question/12920261

#SPJ11

Sodium nitrate, NaNO₃, is an ionic compound that contains two oppositely charged ions, the sodium cation (Na+) and the nitrate anion (NO₃⁻). In order for the compound to be neutral, the number of positive charges from the cation must balance out the number of negative charges from the anion.

Therefore, the formula for the cation in sodium nitrate is simply Na⁺. This is because sodium has a single valence electron in its outermost shell, which it easily donates to become a positively charged ion with a full outer shell.

The formula for the cation in sodium nitrate is Na+, and it is necessary for this cation to combine with the nitrate anion in order to form a neutral ionic compound.

The cation in the ionic compound sodium nitrate is Na⁺. Sodium nitrate is composed of the positively charged sodium cation (Na⁺) and the negatively charged nitrate anion (NO₃⁻). In this compound, the charges balance each other out, resulting in a neutral compound with the formula NaNO₃.

To know more about sodium nitrate, refer

https://brainly.com/question/29199898

#SPJ11

The velocity of the car is 20 m/s. So, the correct option is  C. 20 m/s north.

To determine the velocity of the car, we need to calculate the displacement and divide it by the time taken.

The car initially moves 50 m south of the library and then ends up 250 m north of the library, resulting in a displacement of 250 m - (-50 m) = 300 m. The time taken is given as 15 seconds.

Therefore, the velocity can be calculated as displacement divided by time: 300 m / 15 s = 20 m/s.

Since the displacement is positive (from south to north), the velocity is also positive, indicating the car is moving north. Therefore, the correct answer is option C: 20 m/s north.

For more such questions on velocity

https://brainly.com/question/1856219

#SPJ11

If the colored spheres are solutes, the overall direction of water would be out of the cell based on the principle of osmosis.

It is the movement of water molecules from the region of high water potential (low solutes) to the region of low water potential (high solute) through a selectively permeable membrane.

In the illustration, there are more colored spheres outside of the cell than inside of it. This means that there are more solutes outside the cell (lower water potential) than inside of the cell (higher water potential).

Thus, water will move from the inside of the cell to the outside until an equilibrium is established.

More on osmosis can be found here: https://brainly.com/question/1799974

The correct answer is C. When magnesium and nitrogen react, they form a compound with the formula Mg3N2. In this compound, magnesium loses 2 electrons to form Mg2+ ions, while nitrogen gains 3 electrons to form N3- ions.

The lattice of the compound will be composed of Mg2+ and N3- ions, not Mg2- and N3+ ions as stated in option A. Option B is incorrect because the reaction between magnesium and nitrogen is actually exothermic, not endothermic. This means that energy is released during the reaction rather than absorbed. Option D is also incorrect because the melting point of Mg3N2 is actually lower than that of NaCl. This is due to the fact that Mg3N2 has a layered structure, which makes it easier for the layers to slide past each other and therefore melt at a lower temperature. In conclusion, option C is the correct answer because it accurately describes the electron transfer that occurs between magnesium and nitrogen during the formation of their compound.

learn more about magnesium here.

https://brainly.com/question/1533548

#SPJ11

Answer:

The superscript after the letter

tells us the electrons are in the n=2 energy level.

Explanation:

In this week's thin-layer chromatography experiment, the use of 1 M HCl will demonstrate the dependence of dye color on pH. Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) is a versatile technique for separating components of a mixture, specifically, it's used to separate organic molecules. TLC is typically used to identify and quantify the amount of the components present in a mixture.

TLC plates, which are made of glass, metal, or plastic and coated with a thin layer of silica gel or alumina, are used to conduct the experiments. The mobile phase moves through the stationary phase as the samples move through it. The mobile phase moves up the plate, and the less polar components move up the plate with it. Content loaded in this week's thin-layer chromatography experiment, the use of 1 M HCl will demonstrate the dependence of dye color on pH. The elution of dyes from food and candy products is commonly used in TLC. When an acid is added to the dye mixture, the pH changes, resulting in the appearance of a different color.

The basic principle behind this is the effect of pH on the chemical equilibrium, which can affect the appearance of the dye. This demonstrates how the color of dyes is dependent on pH, which can be observed using a TLC plate.

To know more about chromatography experiments visit:

https://brainly.com/question/15205252

#SPJ11

Answer:

Oxygen has 8 neutrons

Explanation:

We know that cause the atomic number says how many protons does the element has, so in this case is eight, and in the mass number, we have the number of protons+neutrons, in this case is 16. Then, as we know that oxygen has eight protons with the atomic number, we would do 16-8 protons= 8 neutrons.

Check: Atomic number is 16= 8 protons + 8 neutrons

Answer:

1. at least two charged interacting parts

2. from the electric fields of charged subatomic particles

3 an arrow released from the bow

4Electrical fields of charged particles interact, bonding those with opposite charges.

5 the interaction of the electric fields of protons and electrons

6 The energy stored in the system increases.

7 Kinetic energy increases because the magnets move in the direction of the field.

8 Iron pieces accelerate toward the magnet, and the energy stored in the system decreases.

9  

The energy stored in the field decreases because the magnet moves in the direction of the field.

10 The energy stored increases and then decreases.

11 The wire was not connected to the source.

12  The electromagnet will become more powerful.

From the electric fields of charged subatomic particles, at least two charged interacting pieces, an arrow launched from the bow, Interaction between electrical fields of charged particles bonds those with opposing charges, the interaction between the protons' and electrons' electric fields.

An electric field is a physical field that surrounds electrically charged particles and acts as an attractor or repellent to all other charged particles in the vicinity. It can also refer to a system of charged particles' physical field.

The area of space surrounding an electrically charged particle or object in which the charge body perceives force is known as the electric field. Examples: -Charges and their arrangements, such as capacitors and battery cells, produce electric fields.

We can produce current flow by applying the pushing force required by electric fields. A circuit's electric field resembles an electron pump in that it is a sizable source of negative charges that can drive electrons.

Thus, From the electric fields of charged subatomic particles, at least two charged interacting pieces.

To learn more about an electric field, follow the link;

https://brainly.com/question/8971780

#SPJ2

The  structure of lipids is dominated by hydrophobic regions.

A  Lipids is any of various organic compounds that are soluble in water . They include fats , waxes, oils, hormones and certain components of membrane  and function as energy storage molecules and chemical messangers. Lipids are stored in your body primarily in specialized fat cells called adipocytes which comprises a specialized fatty tissues called adipose tissue.

Lipids are the structure of dominated hydrophobic regions.

to learn more about Lipids click here https://brainly.com/question/3498396

#SPJ4

The acetic acid in vinegar has a molar concentration of 0.530 M.

When the chemical formula and molecular weight of the drug are known, the concentration can be calculated. Any substance's molar concentration in a solution can be simply calculated.

Molar concentration is the measurement of a solution's concentration as the No.  of moles of a solute inside a liter of a solution.

The following equation can be used to compute the concentration or volume of the solutions:

M₁V₁ = M₂V₂

where M1, V1, M2, and V2 represent the volume and concentration of the concentrated & diluted solution, respectively.

Given a NaOH concentration, M1 = 0.1931 M (which should be necessary to apply the broth dilution),

and to calculate the molar concentration of acetic acid)

The volume of NaOH, V1, is 27.48 mL.

V2 = acetic acid volume in milliliters

In equation (1), substitute the values of V1, M1, and V2 as well as volume:

(0.1931) X (27.48) = (10) X (V₂)

V₂ = 0.530 M

To learn more about molar concentration, use the link below.

https://brainly.com/question/21841645

#SPJ4

The Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle serves as a roadblock to quantum computing because quantum computing relies on the properties of quantum bits or qubits.

Quantum bits are sensitive to their environment and can easily lose their quantum state, which is why a lot of attention is paid to controlling the environment in which qubits are placed. For quantum computing to work, it's essential to measure the quantum state of a qubit accurately. But the act of measuring a qubit changes its state, which can lead to errors in calculations. And because of the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle, it's not possible to measure the state of a qubit accurately without disturbing it. This is called the measurement problem.

The measurement problem states that it's not possible to measure the state of a particle without changing its state. In other words, measuring a particle is a destructive process, and the more accurately you measure its position, the less accurately you can measure its momentum, and vice versa. This poses a significant challenge for quantum computing because measuring a qubit changes its state, and as a result, affects the calculation being performed. The Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle, therefore, serves as a roadblock to quantum computing because it makes it challenging to measure qubits accurately without disturbing them, leading to errors in calculations.

learn more about Uncertainty Principle here

https://brainly.com/question/16941142

#SPJ11

The energy required to raise the temperature of 1.0 mol of Ag by 1.0∘C 1.0 ∘ C is 26 J.

C = 0.24J/C/g

ΔT = 1.0 degree c

m = 107.87 g

Q = m * C * ΔT

Q = 107.87g * 0.24 J /C/g * 1.0 c

Q = 26J

In thermodynamics, the specific heat capacity (symbol cp) of a substance is the heat capacity of a sample of the substance divided by the mass of the sample, also sometimes referred to as massic heat capacity. Informally, it is the amount of heat that must be added to one unit of mass of the substance in order to cause an increase of one unit in temperature. The SI unit of specific heat capacity is joule per kelvin per kilogram, J⋅kg−1⋅K−1

To know more about temperature click here:

https://brainly.com/question/15267055

#SPJ4

Answer:

The water freezes and becomes solid ice

Answer:

See below

Explanation:

Water freezes at 0 C

  so the water will give up heat to become 0 C  water

     then it will give up more heat to become  0 C   ice

          then it will give up even more heat to become  -10 C ice