Why are differences and similarities in DNA and proteins evidence of evolution?

The osmotic pressure at 25 °c of red blood cells across the cell membrane from pure water is 7.34atm

What is osmotic pressure?

Osmotic pressure is defined as the pressure that must be applied to the solution side to stop fluid movement when a semipermeable membrane separates a solution from pure water.

What would happen if red blood cells were placed in seawater?

Seawater is hypertonic to the cytoplasm in vertebrate cells and in plant cells. If a red blood cell and a plant cell were placed in seawater, the red blood cell would burst, and the plant cell would shrink.

What is the solute concentration of red blood cells?

Red blood cells have a solute concentration of around 0.9%.

Thus, the osmotic pressure of red blood cells is 7.34atm

Given: Concentration of Red blood cell C=0.30M, R=0.0821, T=298k

Osmotic pressure =CRT

Osmotic pressure=0.3 × 0.0821 × 298

Osmotic pressure =7.33979 ≃ 7.34atm

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Explanation:

the sperm is placed on top of the frog eggs

The sperm come in contact with the frog eggs as they are placed on top of the egg cells. Thus, the correct option is B.

During the spring season or rainy season, frogs and toads move to ponds and slow flowing stream regions. When the male (sperm) and female (egg) come together in water medium, the female frog lays hundreds of eggs in the water. Frog’s eggs are not covered by a shell and it is comparatively very delicate in nature. A layer of the jelly holds the eggs together in place and provides protection to the egg cells. As the eggs are laid in the water, the male frog deposits sperms over them. Each sperm swims randomly in the water body with the help of the long tails. The sperms (male gamete) come in contact with the eggs (female gamete). This results in fertilization of the gametes.

The sperm come in contact with the frog eggs as the sperm is placed on top of the eggs.

Therefore, the correct option is B.

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The main observation made by the scientists before their experiment with turbinomycin was the presence of a specific microorganism or biological particle and its activities.

Turbinmicin is a molecule that has antifouling activities and for this reason, it stimulated the curiosity of scientists who wanted to know more about this molecule and its performance in living organisms in the fight against diseases and other ailments.

However, before promoting studies on turbinmicin, it was necessary to carry out preliminary studies on microbiology, molecular biology, toxicity, among others.

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The circuit in the animation consists of three neurons. Therefore, the correct option is C) Three neurons.What is a neuron?A neuron is a specialized cell in the nervous system that sends and receives signals. A neuron comprises three parts:

An action potential is produced when enough signals are gathered. The action potential travels down the axon, which is covered in an insulating substance called myelin, to the end of the axon. At the axon terminal, the action potential causes the release of chemical messengers known as neurotransmitters. The neurotransmitters cross the synapse, a small gap between neurons, and bind to receptors on the receiving neuron's dendrites. The process repeats with the receiving neuron sending signals to other neurons.

Axon are very thin nerve fibers that carry nerve impulses from one neuron (nerve cell) to another neuron. Neurons themselves are responsible for receiving sensory input, sending motor commands to muscles, and transforming and relaying electrical signals throughout these processes.

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Answer:

Explanation:

jmj

Answer:

Marketing plans and strategies are important because they make sales easier for any business owner. When you target your ideal customer in a smarter way, you reduce the costs of marketing and increase your chances of converting leads into sales.

Explanation:

Answer: slow; late; low; vegetative

Explanation: Due to the casting of deep shade on the forest understory by eastern hemlock, direct sunlight and other necessities for photosynthesis and other life processes needed by the herbaceous plant species for optimum growth is being deprived.

However, coupled with the nature of these herbaceous plant species, having non-woody stems with their growth above the ground level often dieing off particularly in winter in the temperate zone, makes their growth in that kind of location to be stunted.

Thus, herbaceous plant species with slow growth rate leading to late sexual maturuty while having low expanded energy on seeds due to low photosynthetic rate and low vegetative reproduction should be expected.

Answer:

the day

Explanation:

hope this helps

In levels of organization in organisms from least to most complex the level which is just below organs in complexicity is Tissue and is denoted as option D.

This is referred to as the hierarchy of complex biological structures and the cell which is the simplest unit of life is the least complex in the level of organisation of organisms.

The most complex is referred to as the organ system which comprises of the aggregation of organs present in the body. The level which is below organs in complexicity is the Tissue which is formed from the aggregation of cells in the body which have similar structures and functions so as to achieve a common goal.

This is therefore the reason why option D was chosen as the most appropriate choice.

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The full question is:

When listing the levels of organization in organisms from least complex to most complex, which level is just below organs in complexity? cell organism organ system tissue

In the given scenario, you perform a two-factor cross of two true breeding plants, one with bumpy leaves and stinky flowers (bbff) and one with smooth leaves and unscented flowers (bbff). The two-factor cross examines two different traits. One from each parent, that is, bumpy/smooth leaves and stinky/unscented flowers.

Here, bumpy and stinky are dominant because those are capitalized.

The phenotype of the F1 generation will be bumpy leaves and stinky flowers.

This generation will be heterozygous for both traits, that is, BbFf. To determine the phenotype of the F2 generation, the genes from each trait must be examined separately. First, the Bb heterozygotes for leaves are crossed with one another:

Bb × Bb.Bb Bb bB bbB bB bb

Since both B and b are dominant, the phenotypic ratio will be 3 bumpy leaves to 1 smooth leaves. For the second trait, the Ff heterozygotes for flowers are crossed with one another:

Ff × Ff.Ff Ff fF ff

Since both F and f are dominant, the phenotypic ratio will be 3 stinky flowers to 1 unscented flowers.

Therefore, the expected phenotypic ratio of the F2 generation is 9 bumpy/stinky: 3 bumpy/unscented: 3 smooth/stinky: 1 smooth/unscented.

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Personification is a literary device in which human characteristics or qualities are attributed to non-human things, such as animals or objects. In the context of naturalism, personification can be used to create a sense of the natural world as a living, breathing entity that operates according to its own laws and rhythms, rather than simply serving as a backdrop for human drama.

Naturalism is a literary movement that emerged in the late 19th century and is characterized by a focus on scientific realism and the deterministic view that humans are shaped by their environment and biology. In naturalist literature, the natural world is often portrayed as a powerful and indifferent force that can shape and even destroy human lives. Personification can be used to enhance this sense of the natural world as a powerful, independent force that operates beyond human control.

For example, in Jack London's novel "The Call of the Wild," the natural world is personified through the character of Buck, a dog who must learn to survive in the harsh environment of the Yukon. Buck's experiences in the wilderness are depicted as a struggle against the natural world itself, which is personified as a brutal and indifferent force that is constantly testing Buck's strength and resilience.

In this way, personification can help to reinforce the themes of naturalism by creating a sense of the natural world as a powerful and autonomous force that shapes the lives of the characters in the story.

Answer:

Personification is a literary device in which human characteristics or qualities are attributed to non-human things, such as animals or objects. In the context of naturalism, personification can be used to create a sense of the natural world as a living, breathing entity that operates according to its own laws and rhythms, rather than simply serving as a backdrop for human drama.Naturalism is a literary movement that emerged in the late 19th century and is characterized by a focus on scientific realism and the deterministic view that humans are shaped by their environment and biology. In naturalist literature, the natural world is often portrayed as a powerful and indifferent force that can shape and even destroy human lives. Personification can be used to enhance this sense of the natural world as a powerful, independent force that operates beyond human control.

Explanation:

Answer: Protects the cell

Explanation: THE GUARD cell helps protect the cell as a Secretary of a place it knows what minerals to allow in the cell for it to nourish and what to block

HOPE IT HELPS❣️❣️❣️❣️❣️❣️❣️❣️

Answer:

The guard cells help to protects the cell

Explanation:

The group of cells in the hypothalamus that is stimulated by food intake is known as the eating center. The correct option is A) eating.

The hypothalamus is a part of the brain that links the nervous system to the endocrine system through the pituitary gland. The hypothalamus contains various nuclei that regulate a variety of physiological and behavioral processes, including the regulation of appetite and energy expenditure.

There are two types of nuclei present in the hypothalamus; one is the hunger (feeding) center, and the other is the satiety center. Hunger refers to the desire to consume food, while satiety refers to the sensation of being full or satisfied after eating. The hunger center is responsible for stimulating food intake, while the satiety center is responsible for suppressing food intake.

The hypothalamus, which is the area of the brain that regulates eating and drinking, is stimulated when the body requires food. Hormonal changes signal the hypothalamus to increase or decrease appetite, depending on the body's needs. Eating too much or too little can lead to hormonal imbalances, resulting in obesity or anorexia.

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Answer:

diamond and corundum

Explanation:

diamond has a hardness of 10 and corundum has a hardness of 9, both are higher than 8

Answer:

C-transcription

Explanation:

Answer:

The correct answer is -

variation, over population and adaption.

Explanation:

Natural selection is the process to which the various species and populations are able to adapt and change according the environmental changes. It is affected by three main factors that are variation, over population and adaption.

Variation: varion is one of the factor that pushes the population to change towards the beneficial variation in the population for their survivability and reproducing theirselves.

Overpopulation: over population increases the competition amon population and there fore there resources become limited so few have to change or their ways of utilizing resources.

Adaption: Adapting the change takes place due to any situation in environmental that put stress on the population allow them to adapt according the change or they will extinct.

Answer:

Variation, overpopulation, and adaption

Explanation:

I can confirm this is the right answer, because I just did the assignment.

Answer:

storm; rotating

Explanation:

Answer:

Temperate grassland have dry and wet season that remain warm all time. Tropical grassland have cold winters and warm summers with some rain

Explanation:

Make a punnet square (seems like you've got one already)

It's very similar to a multiplication table.

      P      P

p    Pp    Pp

p    Pp    Pp

Since P is dominant over p, there are no white pea plants. 100% purple.

Hope I could help!

(eventually you'll get the hang of this, practice makes perfect!)

Answer:

b) logistic growth, because the effect of limiting factors increased with the population size

Explanation:

The S-shaped curve in the graph above depicts a typical logistic growth pattern.

In this type of growth pattern, there is an initially exponential growth at the beginning when limiting factors of growth are minimal. As the initial population increases, resources for growth become limited. Growth starts to slow down. And at some point, insignificant increase in population growth sets in. This is depicted on the graph where the tail end of the curve levels of and fluctuates.

This logistic growth curve shows that, over the years, the limiting factors that slows down growth of Rainbow trout population increases as the population of Rainbow trout increased. This led to the growth rate slowing down and eventually levels up with no real significant change in population size of Rainbow Trout.

Answer:

The correct answer is B. "Melanocytes and muscle cells express different genes."

Although all cells in an organism (such as a human) contain the same DNA, different cell types express different sets of genes. Gene expression is the process by which specific genes are activated to produce a needed protein. In this case, the gene responsible for melanin production is expressed in melanocytes, but not in muscle cells.

This does not mean that muscle cells have destroyed the gene for melanin (as stated in option C) or that melanocytes contain different genes from muscle cells (as stated in option D). All cells within an organism contain the same genes, but not all genes are expressed in every cell. The process of gene expression is regulated by the cell to ensure that each cell type functions properly.

Option A is also incorrect because all cells, including both muscle cells and melanocytes, rely on both DNA (for storing genetic information) and RNA (for transmitting that information and producing proteins). DNA is transcribed into RNA, which is then translated into proteins. This process occurs in all cells.

The statement explains the difference between skin melanocytes and muscle cells is - melanocytes and muscle cells express different genes. So option b  is correct.

Melanocytes are dark, dendritic-shaped, highly differentiated cells that secrete melanin, a pigment found in melanosomes, which is the primary function of melanocytes.

Melanocytes are a type of cell derived from the neural crest. They form a synapse with keratinocytes through their dendrites in the epidermis. Melanocytes play an important part in skin pigmentation and their role in the generation and distribution of melanin has been extensively studied.

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Blood collected in EDTA undergoes b. increased ESR and MCV if kept at room temperature for 6-24 hours.

If blood collected in EDTA is kept at room temperature for 6-24 hours, it can undergo hemolysis (rupture of red blood cells), which can lead to the release of intracellular components such as potassium, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and hemoglobin into the plasma. This can cause an increase in the mean corpuscular volume (MCV) of the red blood cells due to swelling and an increase in the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) due to the release of fibrinogen. Therefore, the correct answer is: b. increased ESR and MCV EDTA (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) is an anticoagulant commonly used in blood collection tubes to prevent clotting of blood. The use of EDTA as an anticoagulant is preferred over other anticoagulants because it does not interfere with the morphology of blood cells and also does not affect many blood chemistry measurements.

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Answer:

Protron

Explanation:

Every proton has a positive charge, every electron has no charge, and every neutron has no charge. There is no such thing as a positron. I hope i help! :)

The process in which insulin is released, wrapped in a sac and moved across a cell membrane to enter the bloodstream and circulate until it finds its target cell is called exocytosis.

Exocytosis is the process by which a cell releases materials to the exterior by fusing a vesicle containing the materials with the cell membrane and forcing its contents out of the cell. It is an active transport process in which the materials to be transported are packaged in vesicles and secreted out of the cell by fusion with the plasma membrane. In this case, insulin is secreted from the pancreatic beta cells into the bloodstream by exocytosis.

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RNA molecules fold into complex 3-D structures when base pairing occurs between nitrogen base pairs. The bonds forned are hydrogen bonds.

RNA molecules refers to nucleic acids which are built from ribose sugar molecules instead of deoxyribose as in DNA molecules.

RNA molecules as in DNA are composed of a sugar backbone, a nitrogenous base, and phosphodiester linkages.

The nucleotides found in RNA molecules are:

RNA is able to form complex 3-D structures even though they are single-stranded because of base pairing that occurs between adenine and uracil, and guanine to cytosine.

The bonds present in thebase pairs are hydogen bonds.

Hydrogen bonds are bonds which are formed between hydrogen and a highly electronegative atom such oxygen, nitrogen, chlorine, and fluorine.

In the RNA molecule, hydrogen bonds form betweenthe oxygen and nitrogen atoms of the either uracil, adenine, cytosine, or uracil.

These hydrogen bonds results in three-dimensional structures of RNA.

In conclusion, RNA molecules are single-stranded nucleic acids materials.

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Answer:

The correct answer is C. Finding burial sites of modern Homo sapiens in the same region as Homo neanderthalensis fossils

Explanation:

Hominids is a term used to refer to different specimens of human evolution. According to scientific research, it has been established that the best known hominid species of the "Homo" family are organized chronologically as "Homo Habibis", "Homo erectus", "Homo neanderthalensis", and, "Homo sapiens". On the other hand, if an anthropologist believes that the Homo neanderthalensis were the first to practice burials but it is found this practice is only associated to subsequent species such as the Homo sapiens it can be concluded the conclusion of the anthropologist is false. So, the correct answer is c. Finding burial sites of modern Homo sapiens in the same region as Homo neanderthalensis fossils. because the lack of burial sites from Homo Neanderthalensis along with the existence of burial sites of homo sapiens shows this practice belongs to the  modern hominid species.

Answer: C

Explanation:

trust the guy who answered before cuz he right

Answer:

Omnivores

Explanation:

Omnivores, which feed on both plants and animals, can be considered as being both primary and secondary consumers.

Answer:

An organism cannot serve as both a main consumer and a secondary consumer at the same time in an ecological food web.

Explanation:

A primary consumer, usually referred to as a herbivore, consumes other producers such as plants directly. In a food chain or web, they are located on the second trophic level.

While a secondary consumer feeds on primary consumers. In a food chain or web, they are located on the third trophic level.

Each creature normally resides in a certain trophic level, which indicates its place in the movement of nutrients and energy through the ecosystem. An organism cannot occupy the primary consumer and secondary consumer levels at the same time, even if it can travel up or down the food chain/web by consuming other creatures

So, no organism can serve as both primary consumer and secondary consumer.

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Answer:

RNA preceded DNA and proteins in evolution

Explanation:

The hypothesis that RNA preceded DNA and proteins in evolution. In the earliest cells, pre-RNA molecules would have had combined genetic, structural, and catalytic functions and these functions would have gradually been replaced by RNA.

Hope that helped!!

a trend toward darker or lighter skin, depending on the amount of UV exposure in a certain area.

The selection of dark skin in equatorial regions of the earth and light skin at the poles is made possible by the discovery that variances in skin color are most strongly connected to geographic latitude and average dose of UV radiation (UV-R). By shielding the body's folate stores from UV light and reducing neural tube abnormalities, darker, eumelanin-rich skin endowed a critical reproductive success. Contrary hypotheses that blamed dark complexion on things like protection from skin cancer or avoiding predators in low light were largely ignored in favor of the role that folate plays during pregnancy. According to research, modern Africans have almost no genetic variation in the melanocortin receptor (MC1R) gene, allowing melanocytes to produce a lot of eumelanin.  Outside of Africa, the MC1R gene differs significantly, allowing for lighter skin.  People with lighter skin were chosen for higher latitudes, primarily to increase the summertime conversion of 7-dehydrocholesterol to cholecalciferol, or vitamin D3.  Having enough vitamin D led to healthier immune systems, defense against some malignancies, and a decline in female pelvic abnormalities, which hindered childbirth. In theory, nature shaped us into the fittest versions of ourselves.

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