Why was William pen given land in the middle colonies

Answers

Answer 1
Penn obtained the land from King Charles II as payment for a debt owed to his deceased father.
Answer 2
William Penn was able to found the Pennsylvania colony because he was given a land grant in the middle colonies by King Charles II.

Related Questions

LAND RESOURCE COMPARISON PROJECT

what should i write for my conclusion??

When we think about environmental impact, it is obvious that solar power is a more favorable resource than fossil fuels which release nitrogen into the air causing air pollution. Regarding reliable application, coal and natural gas have the edge. The best way to compare solar energy to fossil fuels is by price, solar has quickly caught up with its nonrenewable counterparts. Comparing the cost of different energy sources can be very complicated. Government grants are a big part of shaping the growth potential for a new power source, this means that making a comparison of the costs of solar energy vs. fossil fuels side by side is a complex task that requires a great amount of energy.
Classification of land is “a process which assigns each body or tract of land in an area to its proper class in a system of classes. The classes in the systems are defined in terms of the qualities or characteristics with which the classification is concerned.” In India, the classification of land has had its roots in agricultural statistics.
The comparison list of solar energy vs. fossil fuels is not a surprise to many people. Fossil fuels are limited & non-renewable. Unlike Solar Energy which is renewable & sustainable. Fossil fuels do also produce harmful greenhouse gasses that lead to global warming & other serious issues. Overall, Solar energy is far better than fossil fuels if we consider their environmental impact. Health Impacts Enormous amounts of harmful gases are produced during the combustion of fossil fuels.
If we continue at the same rate, soon we will have a huge shortage of fossil fuels. However, we can tackle future energy problems by adopting green energy sources. Solar energy is one of the best examples of green energy. Renewable resources can be used over and over and replaced very fast to human standards. Nonrenewable resources cannot be made fast enough by human standards. Renewable resources can be replenished, such as water. Non-renewable resources are limited, like oil. A sustainable option can be reused without affecting the environment.

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

When we think about environmental impact, it is obvious that solar power is a more favorable resource than fossil fuels which release nitrogen into the air causing air pollution. With reference to reliable application, coal and natural gas have the edge. The best way to compare solar energy to fossil fuels is by price, solar has quickly caught up with its nonrenewable counterparts. Comparing the cost of different energy sources can be very complicated. Government grants are a big part of shaping the growth potential for a new power source, this means that making a comparison of the costs of solar energy vs. fossil fuels side by side is a complex task that requires a great amount of energy.

Classification of land is “a process which assigns each body or tract of land in an area to its proper class in a system of classes. The classes in the systems are defined in terms of the qualities or characteristics with which the classification is concerned.” In India, the classification of land has had its roots in agricultural statistics.

The comparison list of solar energy vs. fossil fuels is not a surprise to many people. Fossil fuels are limited & non-renewable. Unlike Solar Energy that is renewable & sustainable in nature.  Fossil fuels do also produce harmful greenhouse gases that lead to global warming & other serious issues. Overall, Solar energy is far better than fossil fuels if we take their environmental impact into consideration. 3. Health Impacts Enormous amounts of harmful gases are produced during combustion of fossil fuels.

If we continue at the same rate, soon we will have a huge shortage of fossil fuels.  However, we can tackle the future energy problems by adopting green energy sources. Solar energy is one of the best examples of green energy.

The Confederates surrendered at Appomattox Courthouse in April of 1865.


The Confederates surrendered at Appomattox Courthouse in April of 1865.


True

False

Answers

Answer:

True

Explanation:

The Battle of Appomattox Court House was fought on April 9, 1865, near the town of Appomattox Court House, and led to Confederate General Robert E. Lee's surrender of his Army to Union General Ulysses S. Grant.

Answer:

true

Explanation:

Who was an Admiral that
advocated for a large navy during
the early 1900's?
A. Teddy Roosevelt
B. Alfred Mahan
C. William Seward
D. James Buchanan

Answers

Answer:

Teddy Roosevelt

Explanation:

Under his administration from 1901, to 1909, Roosevelt had managed to go from the 6th largest Navy, to the 2nd largest Navy behind the Royal Navy.  

History- Category Review Puzzle

History- Category Review Puzzle

Answers

Answer: I'm sorry but i dont know :(

That’s so confusing but I’m so sorry i don’t know understand that

who was involved in the bear river massacre

Answers

The indirectly involved Mormons

Which rights are protected by the Fifth Amendment? Choose four correct answers.

the right to a grand jury
the right to avoid double jeopardy
freedom of speech
freedom from cruel and unusual punishment
protection from testifying against oneself
due process under the law

Answers

a b e f are correct
hope this helps
Final answer:

The Fifth Amendment protects the right to a grand jury, the right to avoid double jeopardy, protection from testifying against oneself, and due process under the law. It does not directly protect freedom of speech or freedom from cruel and unusual punishment.

Explanation:

The Fifth Amendment of the United States Constitution provides several protected rights to individuals. These include:

The right to a grand juryThe right to avoid double jeopardyProtection from testifying against oneselfDue process under the law

The Fifth Amendment does not directly protect the right to freedom of speech or freedom from cruel and unusual punishment. These rights are protected by the First and Eighth Amendments, respectively.

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According to Jefferson, what is the purpose of government?

Answers

Answer: As Jefferson writes, the entire purpose of government is to protect the preexisting natural rights of individuals. Governments are not founded in order to create new rights and arbitrarily dispense benefits upon preferred groups, but to secure rights that existed before governments were ever created.

Jefferson would note that the purpose of government was to protect the “inalienable rights” that man received from “their Creator.” In his view, if government became Page 2 2 “destructive,” it was the right of the citizens to “alter or abolish” that form of government and replace it with a better one.

I swear on everything somebody please help me I'll give you brain list I promise!!!
I need to know everything about Egypt for my test

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:Egypt is a country located in northeastern Africa and southwestern Asia. It has a rich and fascinating history that spans over 5000 years. Here are some key points about Egypt's history:

1. Ancient Egypt: The civilization of Ancient Egypt emerged around 3100 BC and lasted until 30 BC when it was conquered by Rome. It is known for its impressive monuments like the Pyramids of Giza, the Sphinx, and the Temple of Karnak. The Egyptians were also famous for their hieroglyphic writing system, which is one of the oldest in the world.

2. Pharaohs: The Ancient Egyptians were ruled by a series of pharaohs, who were considered to be divine kings. Some of the most famous pharaohs include King Tutankhamun, Ramses II, and Cleopatra.

3. Religion: The Ancient Egyptians had a complex polytheistic religion that included many gods and goddesses. They believed in an afterlife and spent a great deal of time and resources preparing for it.

4. Greek and Roman Rule: After the conquest of Egypt by Alexander the Great in 332 BC, Egypt came under Greek rule. Later, it was conquered by Rome in 30 BC and became a Roman province.

5. Islamic Conquest: In 641 AD, Arab Muslims conquered Egypt and brought Islam to the region. Egypt became a center of Islamic learning and scholarship.

6. Ottoman Rule: Egypt was ruled by the Ottoman Empire from 1517 to 1798 when Napoleon Bonaparte invaded Egypt. The French occupation was brief, and Egypt was returned to Ottoman rule.

7. British Occupation: In 1882, Egypt was occupied by British forces and remained under British rule until 1952 when it gained independence.

8. Modern Egypt: Since gaining independence, Egypt has had a turbulent history marked by political instability, economic challenges, and social unrest. Despite these challenges, Egypt remains an important cultural and historical center in the world.

These are just a few key points about Egypt's history. There is much more to learn about this fascinating country and its rich heritage.

Answer:

Hie..! Here's the answer

Egypt, country located in the northeastern corner of Africa. Egypt’s heartland, the Nile River valley and delta, was the home of one of the principal civilizations of the ancient Middle East and, like Mesopotamia farther east, was the site of one of the world’s earliest urban and literate societies. Pharaonic Egypt thrived for some 3,000 years through a series of native dynasties that were interspersed with brief periods of foreign rule. After Alexander the Great conquered the region in 323 BCE, urban Egypt became an integral part of the Hellenistic world. Under the Greek Ptolemaic dynasty, an advanced literate society thrived in the city of Alexandria, but what is now Egypt was conquered by the Romans in 30 BCE. It remained part of the Roman Republic and Empire and then part of Rome’s successor state, the Byzantine Empire, until its conquest by Arab Muslim armies in 639–642 CE.

Until the Muslim conquest, great continuity had typified Egyptian rural life. Despite the incongruent ethnicity of successive ruling groups and the cosmopolitan nature of Egypt’s larger urban centres, the language and culture of the rural, agrarian masses—whose lives were largely measured by the annual rise and fall of the Nile River, with its annual inundation—had changed only marginally throughout the centuries. Following the conquests, both urban and rural culture began to adopt elements of Arab culture, and an Arabic vernacular eventually replaced the Egyptian language as the common means of spoken discourse. Moreover, since that time, Egypt’s history has been part of the broader Islamic world, and though Egyptians continued to be ruled by foreign elite—whether Arab, Kurdish, Circassian, or Turkish—the country’s cultural milieu remained predominantly Arab.

Hope it helped uh!!

Thanks

Read the excerpt from Martin Luther King Jr.'s "I Have a Dream" speech.

Five score years ago, a great American, in whose symbolic shadow we stand today, signed the Emancipation Proclamation. This momentous decree came as a great beacon light of hope to millions of Negro slaves who had been seared in the flames of withering injustice. It came as a joyous daybreak to end the long night of their captivity.

But one hundred years later, the Negro still is not free.

Why does Dr. King's allude to the Emancipation Proclamation in his speech?


The allusion demonstrates Dr. King's belief that equality was achieved with the Emancipation Proclamation.


The allusion reflects Dr. King's importance since it refers to another important figure in American history: President Lincoln.


The allusion reminds the audience that 100 years have passed since the Emancipation Proclamation, yet inequality still exists.


The allusion indicates to the audience that enslaving people was always illegal in the United States.
giving brainiest.

Answers

Answer:

ok dr Luther king wanted to create a allusion about stopping slavery so that the audience will get a mind set that slavery is a illegal and the allusion will always remind people that 100 years have passed since the emancipation proclamation.

answer above is right :)))

Why do citizens have a responsibility to be informed?


Government decisions affect citizens’ lives.

Uninformed citizens have no rights.

Governments fail if citizens are uninformed.

Informed citizens are excused from certain civic duties.

Answers

Answer:

Government decisions affect citizens lives.

Explanation:

Anything a Government does has a direct effect on their citizens.

Your answer is A.
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Manufacturing is particularly important in the following three states. Michigan Illinois Arizona Colorado Indiana

help
i need it in 5 minutes

Answers

michigan, illinois, and indiana
The answer is Michigan, Illinois, and Indiana. The person above is correct

HELP PLSSSSSS


Look at the map below and locate the compass rose. Then, on the lines below, write three sentences that use cardinal and intermediate directions to describe the locations of three different places on this map

HELP PLSSSSSSLook at the map below and locate the compass rose. Then, on the lines below, write three

Answers

Answer:

A compass rose shows North, South, West, and East, and the inter cardinal directions (north east, etc.). This helps you know where the location is. The map key translates symbols so you can find what you need at its location.

Explanation:

great answer, he deserves brainliest

The Electoral College
HELP HELP HELP HELP HELP!!

Twice in recent history, the electoral college and not the popular vote determined the outcome of a Presidential election. First, why might this be upsetting to people? Second, think back to the purpose of the electoral college. Was the Electoral College just fulfilling its purpose?

Answers

Answer: This was upsetting to people because the electoral college was designed to make elections equal and fair for the people. So when a president is elected that a majority of the citizens don’t want it feels as though the Electoral College was not fulfilling its true purpose.

Collage was not fulfilling its potential

How were Ancient Greek city-states different from modern US states?

Question 2 options:

No central government united the Greek states


Each city-state had its own laws; US states do not


Each Greek city-state had its own unique language; each US state does not


All Greek city-states were ruled by kings; US states are run by elected officials

Answers

Answer:

No central government united the Greek states and All Greek city-states were ruled by kings; US states are run by elected officials

Explanation:

no central government

is it true that Chief Pontiac led the Indian nation against the British because the British were preventing Indian trade?

Answers

Answer: False

Explanation:

The answer is false.

Look at the map of the physical features of North America in this section. Suppose you were traveling west from the Mississippi River to the Pacific Coast. In terms of elevation, describe the land on your route westward. Where might farming be easiest in this western region? Why?

Answers

Answer:

Right after the Mississippi, you will notice rolling, flat plains in the Great Plains.

Then you will come across the green side of the mountains and find yourself in the Pacific Ocean.

Explanation:

You will have the great plains good for farming then you will cross the Rocky Mountains and the sierra Nevada range in California and enter the middle of California another area good for farming, after you cross the coast ranges to the pacific

Historiography is the writing of history based on the careful _______ and _____ of sources.

Answers

Answer:

historiography is the writing of history based on the critical examination of the sources

Critical and examination

Which person would need to go through the naturalization process to become a United States citizen?
A.a boy born in Puerto Rico to parents who are not U.S. citizens
B.a girl born in Germany to parents who are U.S. citizens

Answers

Answer:

B.

Explanation:

My brother was born in a different country than USA, although one of his parents was an American citizen. Therefore he is an  American citizen as well. Even though he wasn't born in USA.

What was written during the time of the American Revolution to establish the powers of the new national government?

Answers

The Articles of Confederation served as the written document that established the functions of the national government of the United States after it declared independence from Great Britain.

If a researcher wanted to gather quantitative data on a business, which question would be best it ask

If a researcher wanted to gather quantitative data on a business, which question would be best it ask

Answers

c

quantitative data is based off of numbers, so c would be the correct answer! hope that helps

I think it’s option c

Which statement best describes why the Roman Empire faced food shortages?

Farmers stopped growing food to join the military.
Farmers did not have the education to grow crops.
Farmers were not allowed to use enslaved laborers.
Farmers did not develop new ways to grow or store food.

Answers

Answer: Farmers did not developnew ways to grow or store food.Explanation: Farmers were mainly sent to war and they did not farm alot unless they farmed for the empire...

The answer is the last one, Farmers did not develop new ways to grow or store food.

Which law created quotas that made it harder for southern and eastern Europeans to immigrate to the United States and easier for northern Europeans?

A) The Chinese Exclusion Act
B) The Immigration Act of 1917
C) The Emergency Quota Act
D) The Johnson-Reed Immigration Act

Answers

Answer:

D

Explanation:

Johnson-reed immigration Act

Why would “No Taxation without Representation” propel the colonist to go to war?

Answers

This reflected the resentment of American colonists at being taxed by a British Parliament to which they elected no representatives. It became an anti-British slogan before the American Revolution; in full, “Taxation without representation is tyranny.”

The American Revolution was the time the thirteen colonies fought for their independence from Britain. The revolution occurred from the aftermath of numerous events, including the Boston Massacre. The Boston Massacre was thought out as a propaganda event for colonialist, to aid for more support in the cause for the American Revolution. The tenacity for Britain to keep ahold their colonists loosened and like a rubber band, tensions within the two groups snapped. British soldiers were sent to Boston and fired upon the Boston mob, leaving five men dead after the end of the chaos. Trials took place to defend the soldiers in order to defend their rights as individuals. A fast occurrence, though, placed a scar onto the colonists to propel them to fight against Britain.

Help or Hurt? Read a description of each law or amendment and decide if it helped African Americans or hurt them.

Help or Hurt? Read a description of each law or amendment and decide if it helped African Americans or

Answers

Answer:

1&4 hepled

2&3 hurt

Explanation:

2&3 retstricted their rights and laws

1&4 gave them rights

1 helped
2&3 hurt
4 helped

Who was Rutherford B. Hayes

Answers

Rutherford B. Hayes was the 19th President of the United States, serving from 1877 to 1881. He was born on October 4, 1822, in Delaware, Ohio, and graduated from Kenyon College and Harvard Law School.

Before entering politics, Hayes served in the Union Army during the American Civil War, eventually being promoted to the rank of Major General. He also served as a Congressman from Ohio and Governor of Ohio before being elected President in 1876. His presidency was marked by a number of significant events, including the end of Reconstruction in the South, the Great Railroad Strike of 1877, and the resumption of specie payments.

After leaving office, Hayes became involved in various philanthropic and educational endeavors, including founding the Hayes Presidential Library and Museums in Fremont, Ohio. He passed away on January 17, 1893, at the age of 70.
was an American lawyer and politician who served as the 19th president of the United States from 1877 to 1881, after serving in the U.S. House of Representatives and as governor of Ohio.

Can you guys please help me me with these 3 questions

Can you guys please help me me with these 3 questions

Answers

Answer:

1. F, 2. F, 3. T

Explanation:

1. False, 2. False, 3. True

False false true....

The countries shown in green would be MOST likely to be members of what 20th century economic organization?ResponsesALeague of NationsLeague of NationsBAssociation of Southeast Asian NationsAssociation of Southeast Asian NationsCWorld Trade OrganizationWorld Trade OrganizationDNorth Atlantic Treaty OrganizationNorth Atlantic Treaty OrganizationENorth American Free Trade AgreementNorth American Free Trade Agreement

The countries shown in green would be MOST likely to be members of what 20th century economic organization?ResponsesALeague

Answers

The countries shown in green would be MOST likely to be members of the World Trade Organization (WTO).

The 20th-century economic organization that the countries shown in green would most likely be members of is option C. World Trade Organization (WTO).

The World Trade Organization is an international body that deals with the global rules of trade between nations. It aims to promote free and fair trade by facilitating negotiations, resolving disputes, and enforcing trade agreements. The countries shown in green, which are not specified, could potentially represent a diverse range of nations from different regions.

The World Trade Organization has a global membership, consisting of 164 member countries as of 2021. It includes countries from all continents and represents a broad spectrum of economic development levels. The World Trade Organization is particularly relevant to countries engaged in international trade and seeking to foster economic cooperation and liberalization.

As an economic organization, it focuses on reducing trade barriers, promoting transparency, and establishing a rules-based trading system. The League of Nations, on the other hand, was established after World War I and disbanded in 1946, while the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) is a military alliance primarily composed of North American and European countries.

The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) is a regional organization focused on political and economic cooperation in Southeast Asia. The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) is a trade agreement between Canada, Mexico, and the United States, which has been superseded by the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA). Therefore, the correct answer is option C.

The Question was Incomplete, Find the full content below :

The countries shown in green would be MOST likely to be members of what 20th-century economic organization?

A. League of Nations

B. Association of Southeast Asian Nations

C. World Trade Organization

D. North Atlantic Treaty Organization

E. North American Free Trade Agreement

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The countries shown in green would be MOST likely to be members of what 20th century economic organization?ResponsesALeague

BRAINLIEST FOR THE CORRECCT ANSWERS!!!!!! How does the rule of law affect society? Check all that apply.

A. It influences people’s behaviors and attitudes.
B. It always prevents lawmakers from abusing power.
C. It ensures the separation of powers.
D. It governs how policies are created.
E. It ensures that the law applies to lawmakers.

Answers

The correct options are:

A. It influences people’s behaviors and attitudes.

C. It ensures the separation of powers.

E. It ensures that the law applies to lawmakers.

Explanation:

The rule of law refers to the idea that everyone is equal under the law and that no one is above it. It helps to promote fairness and justice in society by providing a framework for resolving disputes and holding people accountable for their actions.

Here are the options that correctly describe how the rule of law affects society:

A. It influences people’s behaviors and attitudes. - The rule of law sets a standard for how people should behave and encourages them to follow the law to avoid consequences.

C. It ensures the separation of powers. - The rule of law helps to prevent any one branch of government from becoming too powerful by ensuring that each branch has its responsibilities and limitations.

E. It ensures that the law applies to lawmakers. - The rule of law requires that lawmakers follow the same laws as everyone else, preventing them from abusing their power and ensuring that they are held accountable for their actions.

Option B is incorrect because the rule of law does not always prevent lawmakers from abusing their power. It helps to prevent abuse of power, but it is not foolproof.

Option D is also incorrect because the rule of law governs how laws are enforced, not how policies are created.

Hence, the answers are A, C, and E

A. It influences people’s behaviors and attitudes.
C. It ensures the separation of powers.
E. It ensures that the law applies to lawmakers.

The rule of law is a fundamental principle that ensures that all individuals and institutions are accountable to the law, and that no one is above the law. It influences people's behaviors and attitudes by providing a framework for acceptable conduct, and by establishing clear consequences for violations of the law. It ensures the separation of powers by limiting the authority of each branch of government, and by requiring that each branch operate within its designated sphere of influence. Finally, it ensures that the law applies to lawmakers by subjecting them to the same standards and consequences as other citizens. However, the rule of law does not always prevent lawmakers from abusing power, nor does it govern how policies are created.

What is true about the Athenians?

A They grew poor as a result of Pericles’ battle strategies

B they grew rich as a result of Pericles’ battle strategies

C They grew poor as a result of the Delian league

D They grew rich as a result of the Delian league

Answers

Answer:

B They grew rich as a result of Pericles’ battle strategies

Explanation:

Answer: A they grew rich as a result of the Delian league

Explanation: may get brainliest

How did Ghana and Mali empires influence civilizations like the Maya and Olmec

(PLSSSS HELP. THIS IS TIMED)

Answers

both had rivers that helped with lots of farming and trading. it helped others make money and helped the government also make money. that’s how many other civilizations started around it
I believe both rivers helped a lot with trading, it helped others make money and helped the goverment also make money.
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Which of the following differentiates the Vedic religion from Zoroastrianism?A. Zoroastrianism focuses on the struggle between good and evil,whereas the Vedic religion focuses on harmony within theuniverse. B. Zoroastrianism requires that its believers follow a strict behavioralcode, while the Vedic religion does not restrict its followers'behavior. C. Followers of Zoroastrianism must have Persian ancestors, whilefollowers of the Vedic religion come from countries throughoutthe world.D. Followers of Zoroastrianism believe in only one god, whilefollowers of the Vedic religion believe in many gods who struggleto control humans. 5.2 If the reading for your unknown glucose solution did not fall within the range of your calibration curve (i.e. suggests a concentration higher than 1%) what could you do to obtain an accurate value for its concentration Find the third side in simplest radical form: What is the ordered pair for Point A on the Coordinate Plane below? Write the amount in standard scientific notation.1.72E-3 millimeters[?]x[ ]^ millimeters Why did the Mongols earn a reputation as fierce warriors? Choose three correct answers. They wiped out entire enemy populations. They enslaved all peoples that they conquered. They gave cities the choice of surrendering or dying. They banned religious practices other than their own. They used advanced fighting technology like catapults. Water has a relatively low specific heat.TrueFalse 3. The paralegal may also play the role of in court . (1 point ) Oclerk Ocounsel Oreporter attorney 4 . A paralegal may be in charge of all office functions if they work for a (point ) Osolo practice . Osmall small firm . Omedium firm. Olarge firm . Which of the following mechanisms will increase the rate of return that can be earned by inventors of new technology?A. intellectual property rightsB. government research and development grantsC. cooperative research ventures between companiesD. patents, copyrights, and each of the above The manager of a bookstore wants to predict sales from number of sales people working using the accompanying data set. What is the value of and what does it mean?. On a piece of paper, graph y = -x2 + 4x - 3 and identify the zeros. Then determine which answer choice matches the graph that you drew and correctly identifies the zeros. Solve the following equation for . 1 a2 d2 d2 + 2 2 |E| = 0, Assume a standard trial solution = A exp(iB). (Use the following as necessary: a, E, , and .) A = B = Find the allowed energies and angular momenta. (Use the following as necessary: a, , , and n, the quantum number.) E = Explain you role in the annual Cadet Ball as a Year 1 Cadet PLEASE HELP! Which is NOT a prevention strategy that will help a person reduce the risk of getting or spreading a communicable disease?a. Avoid sharing personal items.b. Eat well and exercise.c. Handle food properly.d. Wash your hands before handling pets. Help me please. You can get 20 points bruises that occur _________________ are rarely incurred accidentally. What is a step down transformer please help me with this algebra 2 question Paper Companies was a group of 10 manufacturing firms that accounted for 90 percent of the shipments of corrugated containers from plants in the southeastern United States. From 1965 to 1973, these firms regularly exchanged price information among themselves, but no formal written agreements to adhere to a price schedule were made. When a seller requested and received price information from a competitor, it affirmed its willingness to furnish such information in return. Frequently, after two competitors exchanged price information, they would quote the same price to a buyer. The exchange of price information had the effect of stabilizing prices within a fairly narrow range, but with supply exceeding demand in the container market, prices drifted downward over an 8-year period. Did Paper Companies violate 1 of the Sherman Act? Explain. (Hint: should the per se rule or the rule of reason apply?) a product that is in the mature stage of the product life cycle has reached a plateau in sales with many competitors existing in the marketplace. an example of this would be: