Questions by bjenkins - Page 7

Turn to the next page for question 4Question 4: Kinetics (Total 15 Marks)1-Chlorenentane was hydrolysed by an aqueous potassium hydroxide (KOH) solution.KOH ->> CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2OH + KafalPeotan cahCH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CIJChloropentanaDuring the reaction, the reactant potassium hydroxide is used up. Samples of thereaction mixture were drawn off at regular time intervals and analysed by titration withstandard hydrochloric acid to find out the concentration of potassium hydroxide.The results are given in the table below:Time / s0100200300400500700800-3Concentration of OH /mol dm50.5000.3500.2500.1800.1250.0900.060.0400.030Plot a Concentration of OH- (mol dm-3) against Time (s) graph using the results given in the table above. Label the vertical and horizontal axes of the graph and include the unit/s. The graph MUST be hand drawn or plotted by hand. Select 4 suitable points along your graph [see part (a)] and draw tangents to find the rates. Construct a table of Rate against Concentration (2 marks). The rates need to be calculated and the calculations shown (2 marks).Plot a Rate against Concentration of OH- graph from your results from part (b). Label the vertical and horizontal axes of the graph and include the units. The graph MUST be hand drawn or plotted by hand.From your graph drawn for part (c) deduce the order of reaction with respect to the concentration of OH-, hydroxide ions.Write a rate equation with respect to concentration of hydroxide ions.Calculate the rate constant k from the gradient of the graph, drawn for part (c). Show your working.
In pan C of the experiment, an electrophorus will be used to get more charge than we can from rubbing rods. An electrophorus is a metal disk (grey in the diagram below) with an insulating handle (black in the diagram below). Suppose that you have a plastic sheet that has already been positively charged by being rubbed with a cloth. The rubbed side of the sheet is placed face-down. What will happen to Actually, the glass flask that encases an electroscope becomes charged after some time. If enough charge appears on the glass flask, then the electroscope doesn't respond as we expect. Use your second electroscope in these cases. In the meantime, the casing of the first electroscope will lose its charge and again behave as you expect. charge in the electrophorus if it is put on the charged plastic sheet? Explain in words what will happen. Copy the following diagram in your pre-lab and indicate the charged regions. |3| Let's think about a different situation before returning to the electrophorus. 'Ground' is just what you think: The Earth. Suppose that a (small) charged conductor Is connected to ground. Explain why the conductor becomes uncharged. |2| [It might help for you to replace the word 'ground' with the phrase 'a really big nail'. In electrostatics I, you thought about what is happening to charge inside a nail when a charged object approaches it.] Let's return to the electrophorus. Typically, the charged plastic sheet is on a bench and the electrophorus is put on top of it. The top surface of the METAL disk of the electrophorus is briefly connected to ground and then disconnected from it. What is the charge-state of the electrophorus after the electrophorus is momentarily connected to ground and then disconnected from it? [1] Explain, assuming that the positive charge is free to move. [2] Imagine the charge-state of the electrophorus is as in the previous paragraph before any connection to ground is made. Now let's change our perspective. Your previous explanation assumed that positive charge was free to move. Now assume that positive charge is stationary and that negative charge moves. Using this assumption to explain the charge-state of the electrophorus after the electrophorus is momentarily connected to ground and then disconnected from it. |2|