An endoskeleton is the primary body support for the _______. A) annelids, including earthworms
B) insects, including beetles
C) cartilaginous fishes, including sharks
D) bivalves, including clams
Answers
Option C is correct. An endoskeleton is a skeleton that is on the inside of a body. The endoskeleton develops inside the skin or in the deeper body tissues. The vertebrate endoskeleton is basically made up of two types of tissues (bone and cartilage).
Are human beings endoskeleton or exoskeleton?The human skeleton is an endoskeleton that consists of 206 bones in the adult. It has 5 major functions: offering guide to the body, storing minerals and lipids, producing blood cells, protecting interior organs, and permitting for movement.
Which animals are endoskeletons?Mammals, reptiles, birds, fish and amphibians are vertebrates with endoskeletons (skeletons inside their bodies). Their skeletons furnish assist and safety and help them to move. Insects, spiders and shellfish are some of the invertebrates that have exoskeletons.
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which of the following processes is most directly driven by light energy? which of the following processes is most directly driven by light energy? carbon fixation in the stroma reduction of nadp molecules oxidation of chlorophyll molecules creation of a ph gradient by pumping protons across the thylakoid membrane
Answers
Both carbon fixation in the stroma and oxidation of chlorophyll molecules are directly driven by light energy.
Carbon fixation in the stroma is the process of converting carbon dioxide into a form of sugar, such as glucose. This process is driven by light energy in the form of photons, which are absorbed by the chlorophyll molecules in the thylakoid membrane. The photons are converted into chemical energy, which is used to break down the carbon dioxide molecules and form glucose molecules. The process of carbon fixation is essential for photosynthesis, as it provides the raw materials for the production of energy-dense molecules.
The oxidation of chlorophyll molecules is another process that is directly driven by light energy. This process involves the conversion of light energy into chemical energy, which is used to break down the chlorophyll molecules. This energy is then used to form energy-dense molecules, such as ATP and NADPH. The oxidation of chlorophyll molecules is essential for photosynthesis, as it provides the energy needed for the production of energy-dense molecules.
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Echinoderms lack a head and brain, but still have a simple ___________ system.circulatorynervousrespiratorydigestivereproductive
Answers
Echinoderms presents a circumoral nerve ring that is connected to five radial nerve cords running between the circular and longitudinal muscles thorughout the body. So, even withouh a head and a brain, it is considered that they have a simple nervous system. Therefore, the correct answer is NERVOUS.
HELP!!! DONT SEND NO LINK, IT DONT WORK!!!!
Explain why harmful mutations tend to disappear, while beneficial mutations become
widespread.
Answers
Answer:
Harmful mutations don't accumulate over time because they reduce the reproductive success of an organism! These mutations would be dead before they can produce any offspring, so there's a slim chance of their genes being passed on. (So it's basically like survival of the fittest, the ones that survive usually have beneficial mutations because that's what keeps them alive lol) Beneficial mutations play a big role in evolution too!
Explanation:
I hope that cleared things up for you! pls give me brainliset <3
The text below was part of an article in a teenage magazine:
‘Young people today are far too materialistic.’
Do you agree?
Answers
Answer:
That's um...well how do I say this, terrible. They're saying it's a horrible thing but I think not, everyone does different things and I respect that. So it's best not to judge someone by what they're doing even in a magazine.
Discuss why myrtle rust is a fungal disease of concern in New Zealand.
Describe why the fungus attacks the parts of the tree that it does.
Explain what someone should do if they find that one of their trees has a myrtle rust infection.
Discuss how myrtle rust infecting manuka trees can affect both beekeepers.
Answers
The fungus attacks the leaves, shoots, and flowers of the trees, causing distinctive yellow-orange powdery pustules on the undersides of the leaves and eventual defoliation of the plant. The fungus primarily spreads through windborne spores, which can travel long distances and infect susceptible plants throughout the country. The fungus can survive on dead plant material, making it difficult to eradicate once established in an area.
If someone finds that one of their trees has a myrtle rust infection, they should report it immediately to the Ministry for Primary Industries (MPI) or their local biosecurity agency. It is crucial to prevent the spread of the disease by avoiding movement of infected plant material or soil, cleaning gardening tools and machinery after use, and following other biosecurity guidelines.
Myrtle rust infecting manuka trees can affect both beekeepers and honey production. Manuka honey is a valuable and unique product in New Zealand, and the manuka tree is a critical source of nectar for honeybees. The fungus can cause significant damage to manuka trees, reducing the amount and quality of nectar available for bees, which can affect honey production and beekeeper livelihoods. Additionally, myrtle rust infections can make the trees more susceptible to other pests and diseases, leading to further damage and economic losses. Overall, myrtle rust is a serious threat to New Zealand's environment, economy, and cultural heritage, and it requires ongoing efforts to prevent its spread and manage its impacts.
What impact does deforestation have on the carbon cycle?
Answers
Answer:
Deforestation can affect the water cycle and the carbon cycle. It will decrease the amount of transpiration. It will also increase the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere by releasing the carbon dioxide as trees are burned and by decreasing photosynthesis.
URGENT!!
Write a methodology for this topic:
Lactic acid fermentation in sports performance
Answers
The methodology for the Lactic acid fermentation in sports performance are as follows-
Inquire about the plan: This ponder will utilize a randomized controlled trial plan, with members haphazardly doled out to either a test or control bunch.Participants: They think about will enlist male and female competitors matured 18-35 a long time who lock in high-intensity preparation exercises, such as sprinting, weightlifting, and powerlifting. Members will be required to supply educated assent, have no pre-existing therapeutic conditions, and not be taking any medicines that seem to influence their execution. Intervention: Members within the exploratory bunch will be given a lactic acid buffering supplement, such as sodium bicarbonate, whereas those within the control gather will get a fake treatment. The supplement will be managed 30 minutes earlier than their preparation sessions.Information collection: The ponder will collect information on the participants' execution, counting their control yield, time to weariness, lactate edge, and heart rate changeability. These estimations will be taken some time recently and after the mediation. Blood tests will moreover be collected to degree lactate levels. Data analysis: The information will be analyzed utilizing a factual computer program to decide any noteworthy contrasts between the test and control bunches. A two-tailed t-test will be utilized to compare the implies of the two bunches, and a p-value of less than 0.05 will be considered measurably critical.Ethical contemplations: The think will take after moral rules for inquiring about including human subjects, counting getting educated assent from members and keeping up their secrecy. Members will be educated on the potential dangers and benefits of support and will have the proper to pull back from the consideration at any time. Any unfavourable occasions will be detailed to the suitable specialists.To learn more about Lactic acid,
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an astronaut travels from earth to a planet with less gravity than earth. which of the following statements describes the astronaut's weight and mass
a.) the astronauts will weigh more than on the other planet, but her mass will stay the same
b.) the astronauts will weigh less than on the other planet, but her mass will stay the same
c.) the astronauts will weigh the same than on the other planet, but her mass will increase
d.)the astronauts will weigh the same than on the other planet, but her mass will decrease
Answers
Q2) 60% A compression refrigeration system (36000 BTU/hr) is used for cooling a space. To ensure a good performance the evaporator set to work at 2 bar however, the area of the evaporator is increased by 15% for superheating vapor by 6 "C before entering the compressor. In the condenser side the setting was at 16.03 bar and the area increased by 15% to cool the refrigerant by 10 °C before leaving the condenser. A technician gave an advice that using a fan to cool down condenser more, then the refrigerant cooled by further (more cooling) 12 "C. Each stroke equals 1.5 piston diameter. The compressor runs with 900 resolutions per minute. Assume the refrigerant is R134a, find 1-draw the processes on p-h diagram before and after using the fan 2- find the flash gas ratio before and after using the fan 3- The stroke length and piston diameter? 4- COP of the system before and after using the cooling fan?
Answers
Q2)60% A compression refrigeration system (36000 BTU/hr) is used for cooling a space. To ensure good performance, the evaporator is set to work at 2 bar, and the area of the evaporator is increased by 15% for superheating vapor by 6 "C before entering the compressor. In the condenser side, the setting was at 16.03 bar, and the area increased by 15% to cool the refrigerant by 10 °C before leaving the condenser. A technician advised using a fan to cool down the condenser more, then the refrigerant cooled by a further (more cooling) 12 "C. Each stroke equals 1.5 piston diameter, and the compressor runs with 900 resolutions per minute. Assume the refrigerant is R134a.
1) The process on the p-h diagram before and after using the fan is shown below:
As shown in the diagram, initially the refrigerant is at point 1 on the p-h chart. The refrigerant passes through the evaporator before entering the compressor, and the evaporator's area is increased by 15%. The refrigerant is superheated by 6°C before entering the compressor. The refrigerant leaves the compressor and passes through the condenser before reaching point 2.
The area of the condenser is increased by 15%, and the refrigerant is cooled by 10°C. If the technician's recommendation to use a fan to cool down the condenser more is followed, the refrigerant will cool by a further 12°C, and point 3 will be obtained on the p-h diagram.
2) Flash gas ratio before and after using the fan:
Before using the fan, flash gas ratio = 0.0295
After using the fan, flash gas ratio = 0.0339
3) Calculation of stroke length and piston diameter:
Given: Each stroke = 1.5 piston diameter
Let the piston diameter be 'D'.
Length of stroke = 1.5D
To find D,
we can use the following formula:
N = (2 × L × f) ÷ D
Where:
N = number of cylinders
L = length of stroke = 1.5
Df = compressor's speed = 900 RPM
Given that the compressor's speed is 900 RPM,
60 cycles per second or 60 Hz of supply frequency can be obtained.
The number of working cycles required per minute can be obtained by multiplying this frequency by the number of cylinders.
So, N = 900 RPM ÷ 60 × 2N = 30
Substituting the values in the formula, N = (2 × 1.5D × 30) ÷ D
Therefore, 3D = D × 60/2
Hence, D = 10 cm
4) Calculation of COP of the system before and after using the cooling fan:
Before using the fan:
COP = QL / WHC
where, QL = heat extracted from the evaporator = 36000 BTU/hr
WHC = work done by the compressor = h1 - h4 = 298.5 - 132.16 = 166.34 BTU/hr
So, COP before using the fan = 36000 / 166.34 = 216.32
After using the fan:
COP = QL / (WHC + WHF)
where WHF is work done by the fan.
So, WHF = (h2 - h3) x 3600 / t
where,h2 = enthalpy at point 2
h3 = enthalpy at point 3
t = time in seconds= 12 / (3600) = 0.00333 hours
Thus, WHF = (221.22 - 146.22) × 3600 / 0.00333 = 40236000 / (166.34 + 402) = 90.92
Therefore, COP after using the fan = 90.92.
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a null mutation in which of these genes would cause abc mrna to be delivered to the correct location but not translated?
Answers
Null mutation would cause ABC mRNA to be delivered to the correct location but not translated is EIF2B. Null mutation refers to a mutation that completely abolishes the function of a gene by disrupting the gene's coding sequence or regulatory elements. In other words, if a null mutation occurs in a gene, the gene product will not be produced.
There are several genes that could potentially be involved in this scenario, but one strong candidate is a gene called EIF2B. EIF2B encodes a complex of proteins that is essential for the initiation of protein translation. Specifically, the EIF2B complex is required to catalyze the exchange of GDP for GTP on the translation initiation factor eIF2, which is necessary for the assembly of the ribosome and the initiation of protein synthesis.
If a null mutation occurs in EIF2B, the eIF2B complex will not be functional and translation initiation will be impaired. This could lead to a situation where ABC mRNA is correctly transported to the site of translation (i.e. the ribosome), but the initiation of protein synthesis is blocked and ABC protein is not produced.
There may be other genes or factors involved in this process as well, and there may be other scenarios that could also lead to ABC mRNA being delivered but not translated. However, based on the information provided in the question, a null mutation in EIF2B seems like a reasonable answer.
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_______________ speciation emphasizes slow gradual change of genetic information (phyletic gradualism)
Answers
Sympatric is the answer.
Sympatric speciation is the evolution of a new species from a surviving ancestral species while both continue to live in the same geographic area.
Sympatric speciation occurs when all members are in close proximity to each other, with no physical barriers to prevent species members from mating with each other. New species, perhaps based on different food sources or characteristics, appear to evolve spontaneously.
Speciation (biological definition): A form of speciation in which a new species evolves from a single ancestral species while living in the same geographic area. Orthotopic speciation is more common in plants. For example, a parent plant produces progeny that are polyploid.
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Quantitative data is ...
A. non-numerical.
B. numerical.
C. both numerical and non-numerical.
Answers
As wave crash into the coastline with great force, what is the correct order of formation
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
mnk
describe three cardiac effects of increased sympathetic activity, and of increased parasympathetic activity
Answers
Three cardiac effects of increased sympathetic activity include increased heart rate, increased contractility, and vasoconstriction. On the other hand, three cardiac effects of increased parasympathetic activity include decreased heart rate, decreased contractility, and vasodilation.
1. Increased sympathetic activity:
- Increased heart rate: Sympathetic stimulation leads to the release of norepinephrine, which binds to beta-1 adrenergic receptors in the heart, causing an increase in heart rate.
- Increased contractility: Sympathetic activation enhances the strength of cardiac muscle contractions, increasing the force of each heartbeat and cardiac output.
- Vasoconstriction: Sympathetic nerves release norepinephrine, which causes constriction of blood vessels, leading to increased peripheral vascular resistance and blood pressure.
2. Increased parasympathetic activity:
- Decreased heart rate: Parasympathetic stimulation, mediated by the vagus nerve, releases acetylcholine that binds to muscarinic receptors in the heart, slowing down the heart rate.
- Decreased contractility: Parasympathetic activation decreases the force of cardiac muscle contractions, resulting in a decrease in cardiac output.
- Vasodilation: Parasympathetic activity causes relaxation of blood vessel smooth muscles, leading to vasodilation, decreased peripheral vascular resistance, and lower blood pressure.
These effects of increased sympathetic and parasympathetic activity play crucial roles in regulating cardiac function and maintaining cardiovascular homeostasis in response to various physiological demands.
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TRUE or FALSE?
All of the carbon in existence is cantinually recycled in the carbon cycle.
False
True
Answers
Answer:
The correct answer is true.
Answer: B. True
Reason:
Hope this helps
PLEASE HELP ME!!
Which plant group is one of the oldest on Earth?
daisies
ferns
sequoia trees
orange trees
Answers
Answer:ferns
Explanation:
Hope this helps
Answer:
sequoia trees.
Explanation:
they are also known as "red woods" they are the giant red barked trees in different parts of california, and they are hundreds and thousands of years old.
How many superfund sites are located in Danbury?
Answers
There are a total of 16 superfund sites located in Danbury.
What are superfund sites?
Superfund sites are locations that have been identified by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) as having hazardous waste or pollution that poses a risk to human health and the environment. The EPA maintains a list of these sites, known as the National Priorities List (NPL). As of my knowledge cutoff date.
However, it's important to note that the list of superfund sites is constantly changing as new sites are added and others are cleaned up and removed from the list, so it's best to check with the EPA or state environmental agency for the most current information on superfund sites in Danbury or any specific location.
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What do scientists say makes the Galapagos Islands unique?
O A. the different kinds of plants living on the islands
B. the large numbers of species living on the islands
O c. the different animal species living on the islands
D. the large numbers of marine iguanas on the islands
Answers
Answer:
B
Explanation:
Nearly 9,000 species are found on the islands and their surrounding waters, many of them endemic.
Name at least TWO types of organisms that do photosynthesis
Answers
Answer:
Plants, algae, bacteria and even some animals photosynthesize.
Explanation:
A process essential to life, photosynthesis uses carbon dioxide, water and sunlight, and converts it into sugar, water and oxygen.
Is celery a monocot or a dicot?
Answers
explanation: Because of the placement of its xylem and phloem tissues
Answer:
Celery is a dicot
Explanation:
Celery has a limited number of xylem and phloem, making it a dicot.
Monocots are made up of high amounts of xylem and phloem.
Some form of early Homo is estimated to have evolved into Homo erectus around: O 5-7.5 million years ago
O 1.7-2 million years ago O 10,000-40,000 years ago O 50,000-70,000 years ago t
Answers
Some form of early Homo is estimated to have evolved into Homo erectus around 1.7-2 million years ago, option B is correct.
Homo erectus is believed to have evolved around 1.7-2 million years ago based on fossil evidence and dating methods. Fossil discoveries, such as the famous Nariokotome Boy skeleton found in Kenya, provide crucial insights into the anatomy and characteristics of Homo erectus. These fossils, along with other archaeological and genetic evidence, suggest that Homo erectus was the first hominin species to exhibit significant anatomical and behavioral differences from earlier hominins.
The emergence of Homo erectus marked a significant milestone in human evolution, as this species had a larger brain size, more advanced tool-making abilities, and potentially even the ability to control fire. These developments laid the foundation for the subsequent evolution of Homo sapiens, option B is correct.
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The complete question is:
Some form of early Homo is estimated to have evolved into Homo erectus around:
A) 5-7.5 million years ago
B) 1.7-2 million years ago
C) 10,000-40,000 years ago
D) 50,000-70,000 years ago
Which statement BEST describes why a calcium-fortified juice would advertise that it is good for growing children?
A. Calcium helps the growth of bones.
B. Calcium provides energy for growth.
,
C. Children need to drink a lot of fluids.
D. Children need calcium to prevent allergies. No guesses no links no no bots or I will report
Answers
Answer:
Calcium helps the growth of bones.
Explanation:
Answer:
A
Explanation:
calcium helps to grow and strengthen bones
gaveing points for who ever helps btw there are 4 answers
Answers
What were Puritans taught?
Answers
Answer:
They were taught that they had been born sinners and would always be sinners unless they did exactly as their church taught.
Explanation:
El numero de doploide de cromosomas de la especie humana que se restablece durante la
Answers
Answer:
El numero diploide de la especie humana se restablece durante la fecundación del ovulo por parte del espermatozoide, en donde estas dos células haploides (23 cromosomas) se unen formando un cigoto y próximamente un feto que poseerá los 46 cromosomas necesarios para la formación de un ser humano
Explanation:
Show a cross between a short haired guinea pig (hh) and a longhaired guinea pig (Hh). Begin with a nice and neat punnet square!
(Please help me fill out the punnet square with the picture provided)
Answers
Answer:
Here's the punnet square
Explanation:
the top is the longhaired guinea pig (Hh), the side is the short haired guinea pig (hh).
hope this helped.
who would you expect to be
most at risk for devoloping
the bone disease pickets?
Answers
Answer:
Children born to mothers with dark skin, living far from the equator.
Explanation:
I would say this is the answer but I'm not sure. This is just what I think. I asked my mom about it and she said the same thing I did. I hope this helps.
based on the principle of independent assortment, which of the following statements is true?
a)Independent assortment leads to variation.
b)Independent assortment leads to formation of new combinations of characters.
c)Factors assort independent of each other when more than one pair of characters are present together.
d)All of these
Answers
The principle of independent assortment, the following statements is true : The correct answer is d) All of these.
The principle of independent assortment is one of Mendel's laws of inheritance. It states that during the formation of gametes, the segregation of alleles for one gene is independent of the segregation of alleles for another gene. This means that the alleles for different traits or characters segregate independently of each other.
The independent assortment of alleles during gamete formation leads to variation (option a) because it allows for the creation of new combinations of alleles. When different genes assort independently, they can randomly combine in offspring, resulting in different combinations of traits or characters (option b).
Option c) is also true. When more than one pair of characters or traits are present together, the factors (alleles) for those traits assort independently of each other. This means that the inheritance of one pair of alleles does not influence the inheritance of another pair of alleles.
Therefore, all three statements are true, and the correct answer is d) All of these. The principle of independent assortment plays a crucial role in generating genetic diversity and the inheritance of multiple traits in sexually reproducing organisms.
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The ____________ of the 1800s built upon racial taxonomies by using scientific methods to demonstrate fundamental differences between humans. Group of answer choices
Answers
Answer:
Anthropometric studies
Explanation:
Why do we use fossil fuels?A. Renewable energy is bad for the economy.B. They are the only reliable energy sources.C. They contain large amounts of stored chemical energy.D. They are cleaner energy sources.
Answers
The correct answer is C. They contain large amounts of stored chemical energy. Nevertheless it is also true that we use them, because at that time our technology was only capable of burning coal to obtain energy, and later on due to economical influences.
C) They contain large amounts of stored chemical energy.
Fossil fuels are made from decomposed plants,animals, and materials. It is generally found under the crust of the earth.
Examples of fossil fuels:
CoalCrude oilNatural gas
Fossil fuels generally contain carbon and hydrogen in it.
Uses of Fossil fuels:
It helps in generating fuel for transportationIt helps in generating electricity.Provides energy for various tasks
Fossil fuels are harmful to nature and are non-renewable.
Non-renewable resources are those resources that cannot replenish themselves and they will not be found one day due to over usage of these resources by human beings.
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