A penitentiary is an institution intended to punish criminals by isolating them from society and from one another so they can reflect on their past misdeeds, repent, and reform.
A penitentiary is a prison for serious offenders who have been found guilty of serious offenders. If you commit a serious crime, such as murder, you won't just go to jail; you'll also be put in a prison.
From the Latin paenitentia, which means "repentance," came the word "penitentiary." You go to a penitentiary to express your regret for committing a crime. As in the penitentiary scarlet "A" on Hester Prynne's chest, the word "penitentiary" can also be used as an adjective to denote something done as penance. A penitentiary is a priest who offers the sacrament of penance or hears confessions in the Roman Catholic Church.
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does the peremptory challenge damage the fairness of the jury system? Why does it result in increased us of the death penalty?
Yes, the peremptory challenge damage the fairness of the jury system. The peremptory challenges have been used to exclude members of minority groups, particularly African Americans, from juries in criminal cases, particularly in death penalty cases.
What is the peremptory challenge?The peremptory challenge was known as a tool in jury selection that enables lawyers to excuse jurors without a reason for doing so..
The use of peremptory challenges has been criticized as damaging to the fairness of the jury system, based on the fact that it can result in the exclusion of jurors based on racial, ethnic, or other biases, rather than on their qualifications or ability to be impartial.
Therefore yes the peremptory challenge damage the fairness of the jury system.
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who can be held legally responsible for a dental assistant’s actions?
As a dental assistant, it is important to understand that you work under the supervision of a licensed dentist.
As a dental assistant, it is important to understand that you work under the supervision of a licensed dentist. This means that the dentist is ultimately responsible for your actions while you are performing tasks within the scope of your job duties. However, as a dental assistant, you also have a responsibility to ensure that you are properly trained and competent to perform your tasks. If you act outside of your scope of practice or fail to follow proper procedures, you could be held legally responsible for any harm that results from your actions.
In general, any licensed dental professional, including a dentist or dental hygienist, can be held legally responsible for a dental assistant’s actions. This is because they are responsible for supervising and ensuring that all dental team members are performing their duties competently and within the scope of their practice. In addition, the dental practice or employer may also be held liable for any harm caused by a dental assistant’s actions if they failed to properly train, supervise, or monitor their employees.
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A(n) _____ is issued by a federal grand jury and is similar to an arrest warrant issued by a state.
An example of procedural law is:
A.
A law prohibiting employment discrimination
B.
A law making stealing a crime
C.
A law requiring that a complaint be filed to begin a lawsuit
D.
A law requiring a person to be 16 years old to obtain a driver’s license
Answer:
I think it's letter C
Explanation:
Law that establishes the rules of the court and the methods used to ensure the rights of individuals in the court system.
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how do you personally define truth and lie
the development of the juvenile justice system was not initially concerned with what?
This assignment is a written essay containing 500 words covering the topic below. The essay must be at least 500 words or more and written in proper APA format. This will require a cover page, body narrative, and a reference page. NOTE: The cover page and the reference page DO NOT count towards the 500 words. Remember this is APA only, it must contain in-text citations and properly cited references. DO NOT use wikipedia, no new articles, news agencies, no news channels, or magazines. These are not credible sources. Make sure the question is answered completely. You can use the book as a reference and other reliable sources.
Your completed assignment will be uploaded through canvas. Also, please do not use Essay Chapter 4 as part of your title. It is recommended that you create your own essay title. Something that you create out of your own words and thoughts.
Topic:
A man and his wife leave a nightclub and are confronted by a robber wielding a knife as they reach their car. The robber threatens to kill them if they do not give him all their money and jewelry. The husband assures the robber that he left his wallet in the car. The robber tells him to retrieve the wallet, but to be careful because he will kill the man’s wife if he tries any tricks. The man actually retrieves a loaded pistol; turns and fires the weapon; killing the suspect.
Question:
What charges will be filed against the man, if any? Does the husband rely on lawful use of force? Why? Why not?
Answer:
Title: The Legality of Using Deadly Force in Self-Defense: A Case Study
In the scenario presented, a man and his wife were confronted by a robber wielding a knife as they reached their car. The robber threatened to kill them if they did not hand over all their money and jewelry. The husband then retrieved a loaded pistol, turned and fired the weapon, killing the suspect. The question now is what charges will be filed against the man, if any, and whether the husband relied on lawful use of force.
In most jurisdictions, the use of deadly force is justified only when it is necessary to prevent imminent death or great bodily harm to oneself or another person. In this case, the husband could argue that he used deadly force to protect himself and his wife from the robber who was armed with a knife and had threatened to kill them. However, the use of deadly force is not justified if the attacker no longer poses an imminent threat, and the use of non-lethal force or retreat would be a reasonable option.
Moreover, the husband's use of deadly force may also be justified under the "castle doctrine," which allows individuals to use deadly force to protect themselves and their property against intruders in their own homes. However, in this case, the incident occurred outside of the couple's car, which is not considered their home, and the use of deadly force may not be justified under this doctrine.
Depending on the state, the husband may be required to retreat or use non-lethal force if he can do so safely, instead of using deadly force. However, in some states, such as the "stand your ground" states, individuals have no duty to retreat and may use deadly force if they reasonably believe it is necessary to prevent imminent death or great bodily harm.
Therefore, the legality of the husband's use of deadly force in this case depends on the specific laws and circumstances of the jurisdiction where the incident occurred. If the use of deadly force is deemed lawful, then no charges will be filed against the husband. However, if the use of deadly force is not justified under the law, then the husband may be charged with various criminal offenses, such as manslaughter or murder.
In conclusion, the legality of using deadly force in self-defense is a complex issue that depends on the specific laws and circumstances of the jurisdiction where the incident occurred. In this case, the husband could argue that he used deadly force to protect himself and his wife from the robber who was armed with a knife and had threatened to kill them. However, whether the husband relied on lawful use of force depends on the specific laws and circumstances of the jurisdiction where the incident occurred.
what type of sentence did an offender receive if he has been convicted of two or more crime, but his prison sentence is considered complete once to the longest single term has been served?
The type of sentence that an offender receives if he has been convicted of two or more crimes but his prison sentence is considered complete once the longest single term has been served is called concurrent sentences.
A concurrent sentence is when a convict who has been found guilty of more than one offence receives a sentence that is the length of the most severe charge, with the other sentences served simultaneously or concurrently. As a result, the sentences will be served concurrently, with only the longest sentence being enforced.An example of concurrent sentencing is when a person is convicted of two crimes and is given a prison term of 10 years for one crime and 5 years for another. If the judge orders a concurrent sentence, the person would only serve ten years rather than fifteen, since both sentences will be served concurrently.
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1. How can the principles of Ubuntu be applied in the criminal justice system to ensure justice for victims? (200 words, 5 marks)
The concepts of social justice embraced by Ubuntu include equity (encourages interdependence), fairness, and equality (promotes equal opportunities) (brings about equal sharing of resources such that all members survive).
How should the principles of Ubuntu be applied to the criminal justice system to assist victims in receiving justice?In Bantu, the word "Ubuntu" means "humanity" and is an African word. The full concept of "humanity for others" is expressed in this sentence. If a person has endured physical, mental, or emotional injury, they are regarded as a victim.
When a victim reports an incident, police take the proper action by acquiring all necessary data. Nonetheless, Ubuntu's guiding principles place more of an emphasis on what is ethically right than what is right. The general population ought to have more empathy for the victims and treat them with dignity.
Occasionally, a victim will kill a perpetrator. It is not appropriate for the investigating authorities to assume the victim was also the attacker in this situation. Investigating the scene of the crime and obtaining the murderer's testimony should be the police' top priorities. Prior to the investigation's conclusion, they shouldn't regard the person as either a victim or a criminal.
Compared to other philosophies, Ubuntu's approach to problem solving is slightly different. We should always have a big picture in Ubuntu. For instance, when a person travels, they might not always have a place to stay. The villagers may occasionally provide the things that the travelers need. The fact that the villagers give the travelers supplies is unimportant, but they nevertheless do it. This is due to their increased humanity and the assistance they give to others.
When a person poses a threat to large individuals, poisoning the subject is necessary. According to Ubuntu's guiding principles, a victim should be handled with compassion and ethics.
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Which of the following is NOT true about Civil Law?
A. Its origins go back to Roman law and the Napoleonic Code.
B. It is found in France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Mexico, and in Latin America.
C. Rules and principles form the starting point.
D. It is primarily judicial in origin and based on court decisions.
E. All of the above are true about Civil Law.
The correct answer is D. It is primarily judicial in origin and based on court decisions.
Civil Law is a legal system that originated from Roman law and the Napoleonic Code. It is primarily based on codified laws and statutes rather than court decisions. In Civil Law jurisdictions, rules and principles are derived from the written legal codes and serve as the starting point for legal interpretation and application. Civil Law systems are found in countries such as France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Mexico, and many countries in Latin America.
Option D is incorrect because Civil Law is not primarily judicial in origin and based on court decisions. Instead, it relies on written laws and statutes as the primary source of legal authority.
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the nevada enabling act required that the nevada constitution:
The Nevada Enabling Act required that the Nevada Constitution be drafted.
What was required by the Nevada Enabling Act?The Nevada Enabling Act, enacted in 1864 by the U.S. Congress, was a crucial step in Nevada's path towards statehood. It established the necessary conditions for Nevada to establish its own state government. Among the provisions outlined in the act was the requirement for Nevada to draft and adopt a state constitution.
This constitution would serve as the foundational document for the governance of the state. In response, the people of Nevada proceeded to draft and ratify their constitution later in 1864. This milestone marked an essential component in fulfilling the criteria set forth by the Nevada Enabling Act and ultimately led to Nevada's admission as the 36th state of the United States.
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The color of law means that police officers are immune from prosecution when conducting their jobs. In what circumstances can a police officers be charged with a crime for conducting his or her job? (Select all that apply.)
failure to warrant
failure to intervene
custodial interrogation
malicious prosecution
Answer:
A B D
Explanation:
If the buyer backs out of the contract without a good reason, the offer to purchase contains a printed clause that says the seller may keep the deposit as?
If the buyer backs out of the contract without a good reason, the offer to purchase contains a printed clause that says the seller may keep the deposit as liquidate damage.
What is liquidated damage?Several types of real damages include liquidated damages. The phrase "liquidated damages" appears in contracts the most frequently, and it frequently serves as the title of a whole clause or section. When it is difficult or impossible to demonstrate actual damages, even though they are real, the parties to a contract utilize liquidated damages.
An illustration of liquidated damages would be a contractor that didn't finish a project on time and was charged everyday until it was finished.
Thus, liquidate damage.
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How can one conclude the case of o organisation undoing tax abuse v minister of transport and others (32097/2020) [2022] zagpphc 1; 2022 (2) sa 566 (gp)
To conclude the case of "Organisation Undoing Tax Abuse v Minister of Transport and Others (32097/2020) [2022] ZAGPPHC 1; 2022 (2) SA 566 (GP)," it is necessary to analyze the judgment and its final outcome.
Locate the court's website or online portal by visiting the official website of the Gauteng Division of the High Court or the relevant judiciary website in South Africa. Searching for the case by using the provided case citation to search for the specific case on the court's website or database.
The case number "32097/2020" should help in locating the case. Get to the judgment Once you discover the case, you ought to be able to get to the complete text of the judgment, which can give the conclusion of the case and any important orders or decisions made by the court.
It's imperative to note that the particular conclusion of the case can as it were be decided by checking on the judgment itself, as the conclusion will depend on the realities, contentions, and lawful standards considered by the court.
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Complete question: How can one conclude the case of o organization undoing tax abuse v minister of transport and others (32097/2020) [2022] zagpphc 1; 2022 (2) sa 566 (gp)? how can u approach a case?
There are many examples of police misconduct. Explain at least two reasons that could cause an honest officer to violate the law
Answer:
Usually, the police tend to respect the rights of citizens and behave according to the rules of their profession, without overreaching and protecting citizens and their rights.
But on some occasions, police officers can overstep their roles and violate some constitutional rights of citizens, whether conscientiously or not.
In the latter case, the police often overstep their duties without the intention of doing so, but as a consequence of the situations to which they are exposed. Thus, for example, more than once a police officer has mistakenly shot a suspect who was in the middle of a persecution operation or at a crime scene, or even many times the police have arrested people who were not committing any crime, just for the simple fact of being suspicious.
which o the following united states supreme court decision established the existence of the exclusionaty rule?
In Weeks v. United States, the Supreme Court ruled in 1914 that the federal government may not use illegally obtained evidence to secure criminal convictions in federal court, establishing the "exclusionary rule."
Which of the following rulings by the U.S. Supreme Court established the exclusionary rule quizlet?The Supreme Court established a rule eliminating evidence from a criminal trial that the police got unlawfully or illegally in Mapp v. Ohio. The states' "Exclusionary Rule" is in effect. The Weeks v. United States case established the norm.
Which case from the U.S. Supreme Court served as the precedent for the exclusionary rule quizlet?The exclusionary rule was established as a result of Weeks v. U.S. the knowledge that, in accordance with constitutional requirements of due process, incriminating information must be seized before it can be used as evidence in a criminal trial. This understanding is based on U.S. Supreme Court precedent.
Which decision of the Supreme Court is most closely related to the exclusionary rule?Weeks v. United States provided the first explanation of the exclusionary rule (1914). The U.S. Supreme Court decided in that case that the Fourth Amendment's prohibition on unauthorized searches and seizures should be interpreted to prohibit the use of illegally obtained evidence in criminal prosecutions.
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Which accident involving property damage requires the operator to file an accident report with the missouri state highway patrol?.
Answer:
You must report accidents that happen in Missouri to the Driver License Bureau if: The accident happened less than one year ago, The accident involved an uninsured motorist, AND. The accident caused property damage costing more than $500, or someone was injured or killed.
the ensuring patient access and effective drug enforcement act
The Ensuring Patient Access and Effective Drug Enforcement Act is a bill that was signed into law in 2016 by President Barack Obama. This law aims to strike a balance between providing patients with access to necessary medications while also preventing drug abuse and diversion by increasing the Drug Enforcement Administration's (DEA) powers.
The act outlines several changes to current drug control policies, including the following: -
Clarification of the DEA's authority: The law provides clarity to the DEA's authority to issue immediate suspension orders (ISOs) and revocations of registration to practitioners who dispense controlled substances.
- Support for collaboration between DEA and healthcare providers: The law directs the DEA to collaborate with healthcare providers to educate them on their responsibilities for controlled substance prescribing and dispensing.
- Risk-based assessment of controlled substances: The law directs the DEA to use a risk-based approach to assessing the need for and quantity of controlled substances to be manufactured, based on factors such as past abuse, diversion, and public health needs.
- Enhanced communication: The law requires the DEA to communicate with registrants before issuing ISOs or revocations to provide them with an opportunity to respond to allegations.
- Increased transparency: The law requires the DEA to provide greater transparency regarding its administrative process for revocation of registration and to make available certain data related to controlled substances.
Overall, the Ensuring Patient Access and Effective Drug Enforcement Act is intended to improve drug control policies and protect public health while also ensuring that patients have access to the medications they need.
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Why do some states leave it up to cities and counties to determine requirements for private security guards?
• Cities and counties provide better quality security.
•Cities and counties have more autonomy.
• Police and security share duties in cities and counties.
• Cities and counties are much more strict in law enforcement
Cites and counties have more autonomy
Option (d), Cities and counties have far harsher laws that must be followed. Several states let local governments to set the educational requirements for private security guards.
What is it that private security serves to safeguard?Private security is described as security provided by a person other than a government employee to secure or defend individuals, property, or both. This includes the provision of armored vehicle service. Private security services are offered to clients by private firms for a fee.
Private security is essential for ensuring the protection of people, objects, sensitive business information, and intellectual property.
Why are security and privacy important?It has to do with a person's ability to make their own decisions about the timing, manner, and purpose in which others handle their personal information. Privacy must be preserved if human rights to safety, autonomy, and dignity are to be upheld. Individuals have the freedom to develop their own unique selves.
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The Alien and Sedition Acts allowed all of the following EXCEPTa. Federal government could deport foreign nationals, or "aliens," who seemed to posea national security threatb. Federal government could prosecute anyone found to be speaking or publishing "false, scandalous, and malicious writing" against the governmentc. Suspended elections during times of war or quasi-ward. They allowed all of these things
It was against the law for Americans to "print, utter, or publish any false, scandalous, and malicious writing" about the government, as stated in the Sedition Act.
By the series of statutes known as the Alien and Sedition Acts, which were deemed unlawful?Alien Act: Gave new immigrants a 14-year rather than a 5-year voting ban and gave them the power to drive out outsiders. Sedition Act: Limited freedom (this law violates the first amendment) due to the inability to criticise the government.
Whom was the Sedition Act primarily intended for?The Sedition Act, which was approved by Congress and specifically targeted people who spoke out against the government or the president at the time (Adam), was the most significant action.
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What is the name of the legal principle that "ensures that the judicial system is the same for every defendant?"
Answer:
Precedent is incorporated into the doctrine of stare decisis and requires courts to apply the law in the same manner to cases with the same facts. Some judges have stated that precedent ensures that individuals in similar situations are treated alike instead of based on a particular judge's personal views.
Explanation:
The President is able to make key military decisions. President Obama authorized the mission to go in to Pakistan to capture Bin Laden because he is
Commander in Chief
Chief of State
Chief Legislator
Chief Diplomat
Answer:
Commander in chief
what qualities in citizen required for the peace and security for the nation
Answer:
Honesty – tell the truth.
Integrity – be morally upright.
Responsibility – be accountable for yourself and your actions.
Respectfulness – treat others how you want to be treated.
Compassion – show fellowship with your compatriots who are down on their luck by volunteering and/or making donations to charities.
Kindness – be friendly.
Tolerance – be tolerant of other races and religions.
Courtesy – be considerate of others.
Self-Discipline – have self-control and cultivate the ability to follow through on what you say you’re going to do.
Moral Courage – stand up for what you consider to be wrong and defend those who cannot defend themselves.
Love of Justice – be fair and ask that others be so as well.
Explanation:
HAVE AN AWESOME DAY.
[PRIORITY QUESTION]
Describe what an officer must demonstrate to justify an emergency search
Answer:
ill take my points back
Explanation:
lol
Which task should happen during the planning stage of a projec
A:reflect on the project outcomes
B: prevent set-backs
C: determine the budget
D: reschedule to account for project updates
Answer:
c. determine the budget
hope this helps!
Explanation:
40. A contract which can either be refused or ratified is;
a) Formal Contract
b) Executed Contract
c) Unilateral Contract
d) Implied Contract
e) Voidable Contract
A Contract which can either be refused or ratified is called voidable contract.
Contract is defined as a legally enforceable agreement that creates and obligations among parties. A contract involves transfer of goods, services, money or promise to transfer any of those for future dates.
What are voidable contract?A voidable contract is a contract which can be either affirmed or rejected at the option of one of the parties. Once the contract is repudiated by one party, it becomes Void contract.
Grounds for voidable contract are - Coercion, Undue Influence, Mental Incompetence, Intoxication, Fraud or Misrepresentation.
When a contract is entered into without the free consent of the party, it is considered a voidable contract. A voidable contract may be considered valid if it is not cancelled by the aggrieved party within a reasonable time.
Under USA legal system, Contract law regulates the obligation established by agreement, whether expressed or implied, between the private parties. Law of contract varies from state to state but also there is a presence of nationwide federal contract law.
Under Indian Legal System, Contract is defined under Indian Contract Act 1872 under which Voidable Contract is defined under Section 2(i) of the Act.
There are certain difference between USA Contract Act and Indian Contract Act based on:
-Presence of statute of fraud in USA which is not present in India
-India does not have separate legislation for sale of goods or services.
-American common law has imposed a good faith dealing requirement on parties entering a contract with each other
-Monetary damages in the United States can be classified into three types- expectation interest, reliance interest, and restitution of interest
Neither the Indian courts nor the Contract Act have classified damages as is done in the USA
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in an emergency situation, lori render said to mike, who needs help. mike would most likely be prohibited from suing lori for negligence under:
In an emergency situation, Lori Render said to Mike, "who needs help." If Mike was injured while receiving help from Lori, he would most likely be prohibited from suing her for negligence under the Good Samaritan laws.
Good Samaritan laws are laws that protect individuals who provide assistance to those who are injured or in danger from being sued for negligence. These laws vary by state, but they are generally designed to encourage people to provide assistance without fear of legal repercussions. However, there are limitations to Good Samaritan laws, and they do not provide blanket immunity from all types of lawsuits. For example, if Lori acted with gross negligence or intentional misconduct, she could still be held liable for any harm caused to Mike.The legal concept that may apply to Lori Render's actions is called "Good Samaritan" laws. These laws are intended to protect individuals who voluntarily provide assistance to those in need during emergency situations from being sued for negligence.
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The word process as it applies to communications means ""an activity"".
Answer:
Explanation:
The word process as it applies to communications can refer to the series of steps or actions involved in creating, transmitting, and receiving a message. In this sense, it can be seen as an activity or a set of activities that are performed to achieve a particular outcome in communication. The process of communication can be broken down into various stages, including encoding, transmitting, receiving, and decoding, with each stage involving its own set of activities and processes. So, while the process of communication can be seen as an activity, it also encompasses a broader set of actions and steps involved in the communication process as a whole.
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The word "process" as it applies to communications encompasses more than just "an activity,"
This is because as the word "process" refers to a systematic series of actions or steps taken to achieve a particular outcome in communication, such as encoding, transmitting, decoding, and receiving information through various channels and media.
In communication, the process involves not only the exchange of information but also the interpretation and understanding of messages by both the sender and the receiver, which can be influenced by factors such as language barriers, cultural differences, and noise or interference in the communication channel.
Therefore, the word "process" in communication implies a more complex and multifaceted concept than simply "an activity," highlighting the importance of understanding the various components and stages involved in successful communication.
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What is the definition of an act in law?
ACT, civil law, contracts. A writing which states in a legal form that a thing has been said, done, or agreed. In Latin, Instrumentum. Merl. Rep.
ACT. In the legal sense, this word may be used to signify the result of a public deliberation, the decision of a prince, of a legislative body, of a council, court of justice, or a magistrate. Also, a decree, edict, law, judgment, resolve, award, determination. Also, an instrument in writing to verify facts, as act of assembly, act of congress, act of parliament, act and deed. See Webster's Dict. Acts are civil or criminal, lawful or unlawful, public or private.
2. Public acts, usually denominated authentic, are those which have a public authority, and which have been made before public officers, are authorized by a public seal, have been made public by the authority of a magistrate, or which have been extracted and been properly authenticated from public records.
3. Acts under private signature are those which have been made by private individuals, under their hands. An act of this kind does not acquire the force of an authentic act, by being registered in the office of a notary. 5. unless it has been properly acknowledged before the officer, by the parties to it.
The 14th amendment prohibits unfair actions from which of the following-
local and state governments
Foreign governments
The Federal government
The supreme court
no links!
Answer:
Local and State Governments
Explanation:
Although it could be Federal Government too, the best choice is local and state government, because on the 14th Amendment, it prohibited states from "Depriving any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law."