In order to comply with the requirement that energy be conserved, Einstein showed in the photoelectric effect that the energy of a photon (hv) absorbed by a metal is the sum of the work function (Φ), the minimum energy needed to dislodge an electron from the metal’s surface, and the kinetic energy (Eκ) of the electron: hv = Φ + Eκ. When light of wavelength 358.1 nm falls on the surface of potassium metal, the speed (u) of the dislodged electron is 6.403105 m/s.
(b) What is Φ (in J) of potassium?
Answers
The Φ of potassium is 3.685 × 10⁻¹⁹ J.
What is work function?The work function is the smallest amount of thermodynamic effort required in solid-state physics to transport an electron from a solid to a location in the vacuum immediately outside the solid surface.
Calculation of work function Φ:hv = Φ + KE
where,
KE = 1.866 × 10 ⁻¹⁹ J
threshold frequency, v = c / λ
where,
c = speed of light, 3.0 × 10 ⁸ m/s
λ = wavelength of light = 358.1 nm
= 3.581 × 10⁻⁷ m
v = ( 3.0 × 10 ⁸ m/s ) / (3.581 × 10⁻⁷ m )
= 8.378 × 10¹⁴ s⁻¹
hv = 6.626 × 10⁻³⁴ m² kg/s × 8.378 × 10¹⁴ s⁻¹
= 5.551 × 10⁻¹⁹ J
5.551 × 10⁻¹⁹ J = 1.866 × 10 ⁻¹⁹ J + Φ
Φ = 5.551 × 10⁻¹⁹ J - 1.866 × 10 ⁻¹⁹ J
= 3.685 × 10⁻¹⁹ J
Hence, the Φ of potassium is 3.685 × 10⁻¹⁹ J.
Learn more about work function here:
https://brainly.com/question/24180170
#SPJ4
Related Questions
What type of mutation causes sickle cell anemia what DNA sequence is changed?.
Answers
Mutation in the DNA changes the shape of the hemoglibin molecule which interrupts the blood flow.
Sickle cell anemia is a genetic disease with severe symptoms, including pain and anemia. The disease is caused by a mutated version of the gene that helps make hemoglobin — a protein that carries oxygen in red blood cells. People with two copies of the sickle cell gene have the disease. People who carry only one copy of the sickle cell gene do not have the disease, but may pass the gene on to their children. Normal hemoglobin and hemoglobin in sickled red blood cells look different . the mutation in the DNA slightly changes the shape of the hemoglobin molecule, allowing it to clump together. When red blood cells carrying mutant hemoglobin are deprived of oxygen, they become “sickle-shaped” instead of the usual round shape . Under conditions such as high elevation a carrier of the sickle cell allele may occasionally show symptoms such as pain and fatigue.
To know more about Sickle cell anemia please visit:
https://brainly.com/question/17063471
#SPJ4
What are the two gases that make up majority of the air in the atmosphere?
Answers
Approximately 78% of liquid air in Earth's environment is nitrogen, while 21% is oxygen. In trace proportions, additional gases like carbon dioxide, neon, even hydrogen are also present in air.
Describe hydrogen.The chemical element hydrogen is represented by the letter H the atomic number 1. The lightest element is hydrogen. Under normal circumstances, oxygen is a gas made up of diatomic molecules with the formula H 2. It is non-toxic, tasteless, colorless, odorless, and extremely flammable.
Where can you find hydrogen?Numerous helium atoms can be found in water, plants, animals, and, of course, people here on earth. Although it is found in almost all living organisms' molecules, it is extremely rare as a gas and only makes up less than one component per thousand by volume.
To know more about hydrogen visit:
https://brainly.com/question/29130026
#SPJ4
Does electronegativity affect replacement reactions
Answers
Elecetronegativity will affect the replacement reactions as it attracts the bonded electrons towards itself.
What is replacement reaction?Replacement reactions are those reactions in which replacement of any one element from any compound is done by any other element.
Electronegativity is the attracting power of any element to hold the bonded electron towards itself so that they will bear a partial negative charge on itself. If in any reaction replacement of anion is required and any compound have more electronegative element which bounded the bonded electron strictly and will not allow the formation of anion then it affects the activity of the reaction.
Hence electronegativity affect the replacement reactions.
To know more about electronegativity, visit the below link:
https://brainly.com/question/17762711
#SPJ4
Can someone help me please I would really appreciated
Answers
Explanation:
whats the question. cause I didn't see it
Where Would It Fall?
Six friends were talking about asteroids and meteorites that
could fall to the Earth. The friends wondered where an object
from space would most likely fall. This is what they said:
Maya:
“I think it has the greatest chance of landing in
a desert."
Elsa:
"I think it is most apt to land where humans are living."
Walter:
"I think it will most likely land in an ocean."
Mac:
"I think it will probably land on an ice-covered area."
Amber:
"Chances are it will land on the largest continent."
Evan:
"Most likely it will land in a body of freshwater."
Which person do you most agree with? Explain your reasons for where you think a
large object from space would most likely fall
Answers
Answer: Walter: On the Ocean
Explanation: Oceans cover 71% of Earth. Chances are 71% it will land with a salty splash.
What happened to the molecule when the electron was promoted to the antibonding orbital?.
Answers
the bond will break
The bond will dissolve (break) if the electron absorbs a photon and is moved from a bonding molecular orbital to an antibonding orbital since there is no longer an overall stabilizing interaction.
What is an antibonding orbital?An antibonding molecular orbital is the molecular orbital created by the destructive overlapping of atomic orbitals.
Why is it called antibonding orbital?Every atom will add one electron to the bond that makes up the lower energy bond. To prevent interacting with the other two electrons, the additional electron will occupy a higher energy state. The antibonding orbital is the name of this higher energy orbital.What orbitals form an antibond?The bonding orbitals are home to electrons that spend the majority of their time between the nuclei of two atoms, whereas the antibonding orbitals are home to electrons that spend the majority of their time outside the nuclei of two atoms.When an electron was elevated to the antibonding orbital, what happened?In contrast, putting electrons in antibonding orbitals will make the molecule less stable. The energy levels of the orbitals will determine how many electrons are filled. The lower energy orbitals will be filled first, and then the higher energy orbitals.To learn more about antibonding orbitals visit:
https://brainly.com/question/17303393
#SPJ4
Determine the number of moles in 4.69 x 10^23molecules of glucose.
Answers
Answer:
\( \huge{ \boxed{0.779 \: \text{moles}}}\)
Explanation:
To find the number of moles in a substance given it's number of entities we use the formula;
\( \bold{n = \frac{N}{L} \\ }\)
where
n is the number of molesN is the number of entitiesL is the Avogadro's constant which is 6.02 × 10²³ entitiesFrom the question
N = 4.69 × 10²³ glucose molecules
\(n = \frac{4.69 \times {10}^{23} }{6.02 \times {10}^{23} } = \frac{4.69}{6.02} \\ = 0.77907\)
We have the final answer as
0.779 molesA mixture is made by mixing alcohol, water and salt then how will you seperate the componen of the mixture?
Answers
Answer: Fractional Distallation
Explanation: this technique relies on the compounds of the mixture. This is able to happen when there is diffrent boilling points.
the aqueous aluminum sulfate formed is crystalized to make hydrated aluminum sulfate, Al2(SO4)3xH2O.
the relative formula mass of hydrated aluminum sulfate is 666.
calculate the value of x in the given formula.
(pls solve w explanation)
Answers
In the crystalized form of aluminum sulfate, Al₂(SO₄)₃xH₂O, the value of x which represents the molecules of water is approximately 6.
How to find water per sulfate?The formula mass of Al₂(SO₄)₃ can be calculated as follows:
Al = 2 x 26.98 = 53.96 g/mol
S = 3 x 32.06 = 96.18 g/mol
O = 12 x 16.00 = 192.00 g/mol
Total formula mass = 53.96 + 96.18 + 192.00 = 342.14 g/mol
The relative formula mass of hydrated aluminum sulfate is 666, so the mass of water in the formula can be calculated as:
mass of water = 666 - 342.14 = 323.86 g/mol
Since the formula for water is H₂O, the number of water molecules in the formula can be calculated as:
number of H₂O molecules = 323.86/18.02 = 17.92
Since there are 3 sulfate ions in the formula, the number of water molecules per sulfate ion can be calculated as:
number of H₂O per sulfate = 17.92/3 = 5.97
Therefore, the value of x in the formula Al₂(SO₄)₃xH₂O is 6 (rounded up).
Learn more on number of molecules here: https://brainly.com/question/15379971
#SPJ1
Most of the volume of an atom is occupied by
A protons
B the electron cloud
C valence electrons
the nucleus
Answers
Answer:
An atom is made of protons and neutrons which make up the nucleus and electrons that are around the nucleus. Although almost all the mass of an atom is in the nucleus, most of the space that the atom takes up is occupied by the electrons.
In very simple terms, the electrons are in orbits around the nucleus so most of the volume of the atom is empty space within the volume that the electrons occupy. The behaviour of the electrons is often assumed to be orbits but their actual positions are not that simple.
As a final note, all atoms contain neutrons with the exception of hydrogen which can exist as one proton and one electron.
Explanation:
How does water heat Earth?
Water traps heat and holds it deep inside the ocean.
Water transports nutrients and waste.
Water carries heat from the equator toward the poles.
Water from rainfall on land starts in the ocean.
Answers
Answer:
I hope it's helpful for you...
Explanation:
water traps heat and holds it deep inside the ocean .....
I think it's correct answer
In an ecosystem, water traps heat and holds it deep inside the ocean there by heating earth.
What is an ecosystem?Ecosystem is defined as a system which consists of all living organisms and the physical components with which the living beings interact. The abiotic and biotic components are linked to each other through nutrient cycles and flow of energy.
Energy enters the system through the process of photosynthesis .Animals play an important role in transfer of energy as they feed on each other.As a result of this transfer of matter and energy takes place through the system .Living organisms also influence the quantity of biomass present.By decomposition of dead plants and animals by microbes nutrients are released back in to the soil.
Learn more about ecosystem,here:
https://brainly.com/question/13979184
#SPJ7
A 600-ml solution of alcohol contains 350 mL of water. What
is the mass percent of alcohol?
answer options:
41.7 % alcohol solution
71.4 % alcohol solution
2.5 % alcohol solution
40% alcohol solution
Answers
A sample of helium gas is allowed to expand in a process that is adiabatic and quasistatic. As the gas cools from 105 degree C to 101 Degree C, it does 3.05 J of work on a piston. How many helium atoms are there in the sample?
Answers
According to the question, helium atoms are there in the sample is (3.05 J/P) / (R × (105 + 273.15 K)) × 6.02 x 10²³ atoms/mol.
What is helium atoms?Helium atoms are the second most abundant type of atom in the universe. They are the simplest of all atoms, consisting of only two protons and two neutrons. Helium atoms are extremely lightweight, with an atomic weight of only four, making them the second lightest element after hydrogen.
The number of helium atoms in the sample can be calculated using the ideal gas law: n = PV/RT
where n is the number of moles, P is the pressure, V is the volume, R is the ideal gas constant, and T is the temperature.
Since the process is adiabatic and quasistatic, the pressure and volume of the sample can be determined from the work done on the piston:
W = P(V2 - V1)
where W is the work done, V2 is the final volume, and V1 is the initial volume.
Since the work done is 3.05 J, the final volume is 3.05 J/P. The initial volume can be determined from the ideal gas law, using the initial temperature of 105°C and the number of moles (which is unknown).
n = PV1/RT1
where n is the number of moles, P is the pressure, V1 is the initial volume, R is the ideal gas constant, and T1 is the initial temperature.
Substituting the values into the ideal gas law, we can solve for the number of moles: n = (3.05 J/P) / (R × (105 + 273.15 K))
Once the number of moles is determined, the number of helium atoms can be calculated by multiplying by Avogadro's number.
N = n × 6.02 x 10²³ atoms/mol
Therefore, the number of helium atoms in the sample is:
N = (3.05 J/P) / (R × (105 + 273.15 K)) × 6.02 x 10²³ atoms/mol.
To learn more about helium atoms
https://brainly.com/question/2174015
#SPJ4
write a
paragraph or two on electromagnetism.
Answers
Answer:
Electromagnetism is the study of the electromagnetic force, one of the four fundamental forces of nature. It includes the electric force, which pushes all charged particles, and the magnetic force, which only pushes moving charges.It is used in many electrical appliances to generate desired magnetic fields. It is even used in a electric generator to produce magnetic fields for electromagnetic induction to occur.
Explanation:
tell me if this helped, ill try and explain better
Part of Newtons first law states an object at rest stays at rest unless acted upon by an unbalanced force. Which one is NOT an example of this law?
Answers
Solution :
Sir Isaac Newton was a great scientist. The discoveries of the Newton change the way we see the world. Newton gave us the fundamental principles through which the entire universe is governed.
Newtons 1st law of motion states that a body moves or stays in position until and unless an external force is applied to the body.
This is the law of nature.
An example which do not support this law can be a body having a huge mass and a small boy applies force to move it but is unable to move the body.
Predicting products of chemical reactions worksheet
Predict the products of the reactions below. Then, write the balanced equation and classify the reaction. If a
precipitate forms, indicate by using (s) by the precipitate. If "no reaction" occurs write N.R. beside the
question.
Use your activity series, predicting products helper sheet and the solubility rules.
1. magnesium bromide + chlorine →
2. aluminum + iron (III) oxide →
3. silver nitrate + zinc chloride →
4. sulfuric acid (H2SO4) + sodium hydroxide →
5. aluminum + oxygen →
Answers
Product prediction and solubility rules in the following chemical reactions
1. magnesium bromide + chlorineMgBr2 (aq) + Cl2 (g) → MgCl2 (aq) + Br2 (aq)
Reaction type: Substitution
2. aluminum + iron(III) oxide2 Al (s) + Fe2O3 (s) → Al2O3 (s) + 2 Fe (s)
Reaction type: Redox
3. silver nitrate + zinc chlorideZnCl2 + 2 AgNO3 → Zn(NO3)2 + 2 AgCl
Reaction type: Double substitution
4. sulfuric acid (H2SO4) + sodium hydroxideH2SO4 (aq) + 2 NaOH (aq) → Na2SO4 (aq) + 2 H2O (l)
Reaction type: Neutralization
5. Aluminum + oxygen4 Al (s) + 3 O2 (g) → 2 Al2O3 (s)
Reaction type: Oxidation
Learn more about predicting products of chemical reactions at https://brainly.com/question/3678899
#SPJ4
A sample of certain gas have Volume of 1.25 L ATM _125 degree Celsius and5.0 ATM the gas is compressed 50.0 ATM a volume of 325 mL. what is final temperature?
Answers
The final temperature of the gas is approximately 40.96 Kelvin.
To determine the final temperature of the gas, we can use the ideal gas law, which states:
PV = nRT
where P is the pressure, V is the volume, n is the number of moles of the gas, R is the ideal gas constant, and T is the temperature in Kelvin.
First, let's convert the given temperatures to Kelvin. We have:
Initial temperature: -125 degrees Celsius = 148 K (approximate)
Final temperature: Unknown
The initial conditions of the gas are as follows:
Initial pressure (P1) = 1.25 atm
Initial volume (V1) = 1250 mL = 1.25 L (since 1 L = 1000 mL)
Initial temperature (T1) = 148 K
The final conditions of the gas are as follows:
Final pressure (P2) = 50.0 atm
Final volume (V2) = 325 mL = 0.325 L
Final temperature (T2) = Unknown
Using the ideal gas law, we can set up the following equation:
(P1 * V1) / T1 = (P2 * V2) / T2
Substituting the known values:
(1.25 atm * 1.25 L) / 148 K = (50.0 atm * 0.325 L) / T2
Simplifying the equation:
T2 = (50.0 atm * 0.325 L * 148 K) / (1.25 atm * 1.25 L)
T2 = 40.96 K
For more such questions on temperature visit;'
https://brainly.com/question/4735135
#SPJ8
which of the following is a property of a solid? which of the following is a property of a solid? the particles have fixed positions and are very close together. the particles move at a rapid rate. it takes the shape of the container. it fills the volume of the container. the interactions between its particles are very weak.
Answers
A solid is a state of matter in which particles are held together in a fixed position and are very close together. These particles do not move at a rapid rate, but instead vibrate in place.
This means that a solid takes the shape of its container, and also fills the volume of the container. The interactions between particles in a solid are very strong, allowing them to stay in their fixed positions. This is in contrast to the interactions between particles in a gas, which are very weak, allowing them to move freely throughout the container. A property of a solid is that it has a definite shape and volume. This means that a solid has a fixed shape and size, and it cannot be changed easily. Additionally, solids are rigid, meaning that they cannot be compressed or stretched. They also have a high density, meaning that they have a high mass per unit volume.
To learn more about volume click here https://brainly.com/question/25252629
#SPJ4
if you were given an unknown sample, how would you determine if it was a suspension, colloid or homogeneous solution?
Answers
The Tyndall effect can be used to detect whether an unknown sample is a suspension, colloid, or homogeneous solution.
Light can always travel through a solution, and there is never any general light scattering. Between solutions and suspensions, a colloid exists. By diffusing the incoming light, it produces the Tyndall effect. A suspension is hazy and contains visible suspended particles. The suspensions obstruct the passage of light.
A combination that is heterogeneous and has some of its particles settle out as it stands is called a suspension. Therefore, if a beam of light is passed through your sample and it scatters, it is either a suspension or a colloid. It is a solution if it doesn't scatter.
To know more about tyndall effect, refer:
https://brainly.com/question/3284136
#SPJ4
1. Determine the total number of valence electrons for COF2, ClO3-, and H3O+.
2, Draw the lewis structure for the two isomers of C2H3Br3.
3. What is the hybridization on the central carbon atom in CH2F2, and in COF2.
Please show all work!!
Answers
The total number of valence electrons for \(COF_2\) is 24, \(ClO_3^-\) is 26, and \(H_3O^+\) is 8 electrons. Two isomers of \(C_2H_3Br_3\) are of type such that they are positional isomers. The hybridization of central carbon atoms in the atoms of \(CH_2F_2\) is sp3 and \(COF_2\) is sp2.
1. Valence electrons of an atoms are the total number of atoms in the outermost shell of the electron. These can be calculated by drawing the lewis structures of the atoms.
For \(COF_2\), the carbon atom has 4 valence electrons, the oxygen atom has 6 valence electrons and flourine has 7 valence electrons each.
Valence electrons = 4 + 6 + 7 + 7 = 24
For \(ClO_3^-\), the chlorine atom has 7 valence electrons and the each oxygen atom has 6 valence electron. The ion also has an extra charge because of negative charge
Valence electron = 7 + 6 + 6 + 6 + 1 = 26
For \(H_3O^+\), the hydrogen atom has 1 valence electrons each and the oxygen atom has 6 valence electron. The ion also has a reduced valence electron because of positive charge
Valence electron = 6 + 1 + 1 + 1 - 1 = 8
2. Isomers refers to the compound that have same molecular formula but the structure of the compound differ.
The type of isomer in the given compound is positional isomerism and the lewis structure of them are attached below.
3. Hybridisation = 0.5 ( V + H - C + A)
where V is the number of valence electron on central atoms
H is the number of monovalent atoms
C is the cationic charge
A is the anionic charge
For \(CH_2F_2\) ,
V = 4
H = 4
A = 0
C = 0
Hybridisation = 0.5 ( 4 + 4 - 0 + 0)
= 4
Thus, the hybridisation is sp3.
For \(COF_2\) ,
V = 4
H = 2
A = 0
C = 0
Hybridisation = 0.5 ( 4 + 2 - 0 + 0)
= 3
Thus, the hybridisation is sp2.
Learn more about Lewis Structure:
https://brainly.com/question/20300458
#SPJ4
Balance the following equations by inserting the proper coefficients.
Answers
The question is incomplete, the complete question is;
Balance the following equations by inserting the proper coefficients.
CH4 + O2 ---------------> CO2 +H2O
CaCl2 + AgNO3 ----->Ca(NO3)2 +AgCl
C2H6O + O2----------->CO2 +H2O
Answer:
CH4 + 2O2 ---------------> CO2 +2H2O
2AgNO3 + CaCl2 → Ca(NO3)2 + 2AgCl
C2H6O + 3O2 → 2CO2 + 3H2O
Explanation:
You see, when we set out to balance chemical reaction equations, ultimately, our aim is to ensure that the number of atoms of each element on the reactant side is exactly the same as the number of atoms of the same element on the products side.
We do this by counting the number of atoms required to have a balanced reaction equation and then adding coefficients in order to have a balanced chemical reaction equation.
This is what have been done in balancing the three reaction equations shown in the answer section.
If your experiment did not seem to match the expected results, what did you learn from the experience?
Answers
Answer:
i learnt that the different result that i got can be prepared through my experiment. if that result is useful for anywork or for me then i can note down my procedure and use it again to get that result . And while noting it down i will know about the mistake that i did due to which i got different result and i can do correction of it in next time.
well its an easy one but it hard for me so plz
Answers
Answer:
need more so we can answer
Explanation:
PLSSS HELPPP MEEE WITH THIS QUESTIONNNNN NO GUESSING PLSSSS
Which process is shown in the plant cell below?
A= cell growth
B= cell reproduction
C= metamorphosis
D= photosynthesis
Answers
Answer:
B
Explanation:
Well, the cells are going through mitosis, which means that when the divide, they are going to be identical sister cells. Anyways, they are
a cup of hot coffee initially at 95ºc cools to 80ºc in 5 min while sitting in a room of temperature 21ºc. using just newton’s law of cooling, determine when the temperature of the coffee will be a nice 50ºc
Answers
A cup of hot coffee initially at 95ºc cools to 80ºc in 5 min while sitting in a room of temperature 21ºc. using just newton’s law of cooling, determine when the temperature of the coffee will be a nice 50ºc
In 10 minutes the hot coffee will attain the temperature of 50 degrees Celsius.
Initially the hot cup of coffee at the temperature of 95 degrees Celsius but after 5 minutes its temperature decreases from 95 to 85 degrees Celsius which is 15 degrees Celsius decrease so in other 5 minutes, the temperature decreases to 65 degrees Celsius.
Again after 5 minutes the temperature will further decrease finally the cup of coffee attain the temperature of 50 degrees Celsius so we can conclude that in 10 minutes the hot coffee will gain the 50 degrees Celsius temperature.
According to Newton's Law of cooling, the charge of loss of heat from a body is immediately proportional to the difference in the temperature of the frame and its surroundings.
The price, wherein a frame that is uncovered, modifications the temperature thru radiation is about proportional to the difference among the item's temperature and its environment, and the furnished difference is low. that is called Newton's law of cooling.
Learn more newton’s law of cooling here:-
brainly.com/question/26057602
#SPJ4
Which group of elements is not usually reactive with any other elements?.
Answers
Answer: Nobel Gasses
Explanation:
Iron(III) hydroxide undergoes thermal decomposition to form iron(III) oxide and
water.
Calculate the mass of Fe₂O3 formed from the decomposition of 17.2g of Fe(OH)3,
assuming a 40% yield. Give your answer to 3 significant figures.
2Fe(OH)3(s)
Fe₂O3(s)
+
3H₂O(g)
[4 marks]
Answers
The mass of Fe₂O₃ formed from the decomposition of 17.2g of Fe(OH)₃ , with yield assuming to be 40% is 5.14 g (upto three significant figures).
The reaction in which one reactant breaks down to form two or more different products is known as decomposition reaction.
The decomposition reaction of Fe(OH)₃ takes place as:
2Fe(OH)₃ (s) → Fe₂O₃(s) + 3H₂O(g)
Firstly, we will find out the relative formula mass of Fe(OH)₃ and Fe₂O₃.
The sum of the relative atomic masses of atoms present in a molecule is known as the relative formula mass of that molecule.
Relative formula mass of Fe(OH)₃
= ( 56+ 16×3+1×3)g
=(56+48+3)g
=107g
Relative formula mass of Fe₂O₃
=(56×2+16×3)g
=(112+48)g
=160g
From the equation we get,
2 × 107g Fe(OH)₃ gives= 160g Fe₂O₃
∴ 17.2g Fe(OH)₃ will give
= (160×17.2)/(2×107) g Fe₂O₃
=12.85 g Fe₂O₃
And, 40% yield
= 40/100 × 12.85
=5.14 g
Hence, assuming 40% yield, the mass of Fe₂O₃ formed from the decomposition of 17.2g of Fe(OH)₃ is 5.14 g
To know more about decomposition here
https://brainly.com/question/22256437
#SPJ1
calculate the van't hoff factor (i) for kbr at this concentration.
Answers
what is the major product of the following reaction oh h2so4
Answers
The major product of the following reaction OH H2SO4 is H2O.
The given reaction OH H2SO4 is an acid-catalyzed dehydration reaction, which is also known as E1 dehydration, in this reaction, the alcohol undergoes dehydration, leading to the formation of an alkene. In the presence of concentrated H2SO4, the H+ ions will combine with the OH- groups present on the alcohol molecule. This step is an equilibrium reaction, leading to the formation of a more stable oxonium ion intermediate. The oxonium ion intermediate is a highly reactive molecule that reacts with an adjacent water molecule to generate a carbocation and a water molecule.
The carbocation is a highly unstable intermediate, leading to the formation of the more stable alkene by abstracting a proton from an adjacent water molecule. The dehydration reaction results in the removal of a water molecule from the alcohol molecule, leading to the formation of an alkene. Therefore, the major product of the reaction OH H2SO4 is H2O. Dehydration reaction is a chemical reaction in which water molecules are removed from a compound. The general formula of a dehydration reaction is AB + C → AC + B. In this reaction, compound AB loses water molecules to give compound AC and B.
Learn more about carbocation at:
https://brainly.com/question/19168427
#SPJ11
18. An electric motor turns a belt that powers a pump. If this system is compared to the chemical reactions of the cell, which part represents
ATP?
the electric motor
the pump
the belt
Answers
Answer:
A. the electric motor
Explanation:
A cell is a biological molecule which is the basic and functional unit of life. Cells undergo series of processes to function appropriately. ATP is an acronym for adenosine triphosphate, which is the source of energy for various cell processes.
In the given mechanical system, the electric motor provides the energy required energy to drive the system. Therefore, the electric motor has the same major function of providing energy for the system as the ATP in a cell.