Answers
Political scientists have generally found that judges' ideologies and beliefs are the strongest indicators of how judges vote, especially in difficult cases.
Are Supreme Court Justices Ideological?The graph shows that since their 1938 term, all chief justices (black line), with the exception of Earl Warren and John Roberts (circa 2020 onwards), have more conservative ideological leanings than the middle court judges.
What do judges interpret?The Supreme Court may hear appeals on any legal matter in which it has jurisdiction, but it does not normally hear judicial proceedings. Instead, the court's job is to interpret the meaning of statutes, determine whether statutes are relevant to a particular issue, or determine how statutes should be applied.
To learn more about Justice Ideology visit:
https://brainly.com/question/28909677
#SPJ4
Related Questions
The primary source of federal power to regulate trade between states is the.
Answers
The primary source of federal power to regulate trade between states is the Commerce Clause of the United States Constitution.
This clause, found in Article 1, Section 8, gives Congress the authority to regulate commerce among the several states. This means that Congress can pass laws that regulate the flow of goods, services, and people between states, as well as laws that govern interstate transactions. The Commerce Clause has been interpreted broadly by the Supreme Court, allowing Congress to regulate a wide range of economic activities that affect interstate commerce. However, there have been challenges to this power, with some arguing that it infringes on states' rights and others arguing that it gives the federal government too much power. Nonetheless, the Commerce Clause remains a crucial source of federal power in regulating trade between states.
To know more about Constitution visit:
https://brainly.com/question/29799909
#SPJ11
A vehicle turning left with a green light _____.
Answers
When the light turns green, a driver who is waiting to turn left should wait until there is no danger from incoming traffic before making the turn. In general, all drivers should wait to make a left turn even with a green traffic light signal until there is evidence that there is no threat from incoming vehicles, as required by highway traffic laws and regulations.
There would be a significant decrease in the frequency of crashes or accidents on the roads if this were strictly followed by road users, such as drivers.
Driving properly and sensibly is your top responsibility as a driver. You must maintain a safe speed and driving style for both you and other road users, such as cyclists, pedestrians, and other drivers.
There are laws that specify who must give the right-of-way where cars or pedestrians are likely to collide and there are no signs or signals to control traffic. In certain traffic circumstances, these rules specify who must wait and who must go first. The law specifies who must cede the right-of-way; it does not grant the right-of-way to any particular driver. Whatever the situation, you must take all precaution to avoid hitting a pedestrian or another car.
To learn more about traffic laws please click on the given link: https://brainly.com/question/8890043
#SPJ4
who must approve all judges, cabinet members, and ambassadors that the president appoints to government positions?
Answers
With reference to relevant authority, indicate whether a partnership is recognized as a separate entity apart from the partners in terms of SA African law
Answers
The common law is the primary source of partnership regulations in South Africa because a partnership is not universally recognized as a separate legal entity apart from the partners.
What is a partnership?A partnership is a business structure whereby two or more partners combine their human and material resources to form an entity.
Partners usually sign a partnership agreement to share risks, profits, and losses. The partnership agreement remains the legal document that establishes a partnership. Where it is not existing, disputes among the partners can be settled using the general partnership agreements.
Examples of common partnerships include:
Law firmsPhysician groups, Real estate investment firmsAccounting groups.Thus, there are no existing partnership laws in South Africa, and partnerships are generally not distinct from their partners, legally speaking.
Learn more about partnership businesses at https://brainly.com/question/14034519
People are protesting in iran over the death in police custody of a 22-year-old woman. Tehran’s morality police had arrested her for violating a law on what?.
Answers
Tehran’s morality police had arrested her for violating a law she was taken to a police station where she fell into a coma after they found her dressed in what they thought was indecent attire.
Tehran, the nation's capital, is situated in the north of Iran. The centerpiece Golestan Palace complex, which has ornate apartments and a marble throne, was ruled over by the Qajar dynasty. Many of the Qajar monarchs' jewels are kept in the National Jewelry Museum, while items from the Paleolithic are kept in the National Museum of Iran. The Milad Tower offers panoramic views of the city.
The Iranian government has long pushed for what it refers to as the "Islamic clothing code." Mahsa Amini, 22, was detained by Tehran's so-called morality police for wearing what they regarded to be unsuitable clothes, and while being transported to the police station, she fell into a coma. She passed away in a hospital three days later.
To know more about Tehran refer to: https://brainly.com/question/8181737
#SPJ4
How are the inferior federal courts created?
Answers
A vulnerability is a condition or weakness in (or the absence of) security procedures, technical controls, physical controls, or other controls that could be exploited by a threat.
Answers
Answer:
this is correct, is this cyber security or ccna ?
Explanation:
I can provide you with a good content for ccna
define the term advocacy and mention three reasons why protestors in an advocacy campaigns should avoid using violence during their protest.
Answers
Advocacy refers to the act of publicly supporting a particular cause or issue, and protestors in advocacy campaigns should avoid using violence during their protests due to safety concerns, legal repercussions, and negative public perception.
Any action that promotes, urges, justifies, defends, or pleads on behalf of another person is referred to as advocacy.
What is Advocacy?Getting support from another individual to help you communicate your opinions and wishes and help you stand up for your rights is referred to as advocacy.
Your advocate is a person who supports you in this way. There are a number of reasons why protestors participating in an advocacy campaign should refrain from using violence. The three are security, legitimacy, and legality. By supplying policymakers with the data they need to make decisions and, in turn, influence legislation, advocates can have significant positive effects on the puiblic's health. Effective advocacy does not necessarily require protracted or complicated legislative procedure.
Therefore, we can conclude that advocacy is when person pleads on behalf of another.
Learn more about Advocacy here:
https://brainly.com/question/29639066
#SPJ5
Explain the Rule of Law and explain its development on the American legal, political, and governmental system.
Answers
Answer:
The idea that those who govern must follow the laws; no one is above the law.
Explanation:
The Rule of Law has a huge impact on our government officials and institutions, from how they are held accountable (responsible) to how decisions are made to how laws are enforced! The Rule of Law protects us from tyranny (corrupt government) and is the foundation of liberty!
If criminal behavior is learned, who taught the first criminal?
Answers
Is a coup d’ etat considered force majeure? Discuss its legal implications to the hotel industry which might be used as headquarters in case of military takeover.
Answers
The Brazilian Revolt of 1930: A military coup d'état that overthrew President Washington coup d'etat and installed the Brazilian military junta of 1930 followed an armed revolution.
The crime of coup d'etat is a sudden the assault accompanied by violence, intimidation, threat, strategy, or stealth, directed the against duly elected government officials in the Philippines military, as well as any military camp or installation, communications network, public utilities, or other facilities required for the exercise. "A sudden attempt by a small group of people to the take control of the government, the typically via violence," is what a coup d'état is.
To learn more about military, click here.
https://brainly.com/question/28357806
#SPJ1
you should hve your battery and charging system check?
Answers
which of the following is not true of couples who cohabitate before marriage as compared to those who do not live together
Answers
Cohabiting couples, as a whole, have the same level of commitment to each other and the relationship that married couples do is not true of couples who cohabitate before marriage as compared to those who do not live together.
Regarding the levels of commitment between married couples and cohabiting couples, studies are not unanimous. Cohabiting couples may be less committed and more likely to end their relationship than married couples, according to some studies, while married couples may be more committed overall.
Additionally, research suggests that couples who live together before getting married are more likely to get divorced than those who do not. It is crucial to remember that every person's situation is unique, so generalizations about cohabitation shouldn't be made based on them.
The question is incomplete, complete question is "Which of the following is NOT a reason why an older person might choose to cohabit rather than marry?
cohabiting couples are more likely than married couples to split up because of conflicts about money
Cohabitation is most common among people with lower levels of education and income
Most cohabiting relationships do not last longer than two years
Cohabiting couples, as a whole, have the same level of commitment to each other and the relationship that married couples do"
Learn more about Cohabiting couples at:
brainly.com/question/31749142
#SPJ4
these are used to find information on the internet they include key words side bars hyper link and serch enjins
Answers
Answer:
Search tools.
Explanation:
Boolean logic refers to a theory of mathematics developed by the prominent British mathematician, called George Boole. In Boolean logic, all variables are either true or false and are denoted by the number "1" or "0" respectively; True = 1 or False = 0.
Also, Boolean logic allow users to combine keywords with Boolean operators such as quotes, AND, OR, and near/n to give a more personalized and relevant search results.
In a database search, when you search for a topic online, and put quotes around a phrase so that you find the words in the exact order that you type them in, you are using a Boolean logic.
Search tools are used to find information on the internet. They include keywords, sidebars, hyperlinks, and search engines. Some examples of the most popular search engines are Go-ogle, Bing, and Yahoo.
The Supreme Court's power to review acts of Congress has not been seriously questioned becausea. Congress granted the power of judicial review to the Court in the Federal Judicial Review Act of 1798.b. Congress and the president always agree with the decisions made by the Court.c. the Constitution explicitly grants this power to the Court in the judicial review clause of Article III.d. the Court has been reluctant to strike down congressional laws and has overturned only a small number over the last 200 years.
Answers
The correct answer to the question is c. The Constitution explicitly grants the power of judicial review to the Supreme Court in the judicial review clause of Article III.
This power gives the Court the authority to review and determine the constitutionality of laws passed by Congress and actions taken by the executive branch. This power has been established since the landmark case of Marbury v.
Madison in 1803, in which Chief Justice John Marshall asserted the Court's authority to strike down laws that are found to be unconstitutional. Since then, the Court has used its power of judicial review to strike down numerous laws and actions that were deemed unconstitutional.
However, it is important to note that the Court's power of judicial review is not absolute and is subject to interpretation and scrutiny. The Court's decisions can be challenged and overturned by Congress through the process of constitutional amendment or by appointing new justices who may interpret the Constitution differently.
In conclusion, the Supreme Court's power of judicial review has been established by the Constitution and has not been seriously questioned because it is a fundamental aspect of the checks and balances system of government. It ensures that laws and actions are consistent with the Constitution and protects the rights and freedoms of citizens.
To know more about constitution click here
brainly.com/question/30551561
#SPJ11
Explain when, or under what circumstances, correctional officials may legally use force. Emphasise the requirements that should be complied with for the force to be deemed lawful and provide examples to illustrate your understanding
Answers
3. Do you think it is important to have a forensic pathologist involved in every death investigation? Why
or why not?
Answers
Answer:
Yes, the forensic pathologist's opinions and the autopsy results are vital components of any medicolegal death investigation, they perform autopsies to determine what caused a person's death.
Explanation:
the innocent-until-proven-guilty principle is i. not used as a guiding principle in the united states. ii. based on the idea that scientific research must demonstrate harm before a chemical can be outlawed. iii. precautionary since it can prevent risk before proving a chemical is hazardous.
Answers
Answer: The innocent-until-proven-guilty principle is based on the presumption that an individual accused of a crime is considered innocent until proven guilty in a court of law. This principle is a fundamental part of the American legal system and is enshrined in the Fifth and Fourteenth Amendments to the United States Constitution.
Therefore, option i, "not used as a guiding principle in the United States," is incorrect.
Options ii and iii, on the other hand, are related to the precautionary principle, which is a separate concept related to environmental and public health policy. The precautionary principle is based on the idea that in situations where there is scientific uncertainty about the potential harm of a particular chemical or substance, it is better to err on the side of caution and take action to prevent harm before it occurs.
Option ii, "based on the idea that scientific research must demonstrate harm before a chemical can be outlawed," is an incorrect description of the precautionary principle. The precautionary principle suggests that in cases of scientific uncertainty, it is better to take action to prevent harm even in the absence of conclusive evidence of harm.
Option iii, "precautionary since it can prevent risk before proving a chemical is hazardous," is a correct description of the precautionary principle.
should law makers have a moral agenda?
Answers
Answer:
Law should only reflect moral values if a person can harm others. ... This is regarded as a liberal approach between law and morality, in otherwords the state should not make any laws against an individual unless it will cause harm to another.
The Constitution is balanced because *
10 points
the executive branch makes it balanced
gives power to the legislature over all other branches
the judicial branch makes sure it is balanced
it gives powers on a national level but balances those powers with the power of individual rights
Answers
Answer:
amendment would force policymakers to cut federal programs, raise taxes,
Explanation:
hope it helps
ur welcome
What is the "first consideration" for policymakers?
Answers
Answer;
Lavis JN, Gilbert R, Salanti G, Harden M, See S. Infant sleeping position and the sudden infant death syndrome: systematic review of observational studies and historical review of recommendations from 1940 to 2002. Int J Epidemiol. 2005;34:874–87. doi: 10.1093/ije/dyi08Hope it's helpful to youThe defendant, Union Pacific RR (UPRR), was sued, under the authority of the Federal Employees Labor Act (FELA), by one of its own employees who was afflicted by West Nile virus after being bitten by a mosquito while on the job. After coming down with the virus, William Nami, the plaintiff, could not walk without a cane, could not drive, and had experienced memory loss. He argued that he was bitten by an infected mosquito while working for UPRR outside Galveston, Texas, and next to an area on UPRR’s right of way, that was infested by the virus-carrying mosquitoes. He noted that the infestation had been exacerbated by UPRR’s negligence in never mowing the grass and allowing the standing water to accumulate. Nami also argued that UPRR did not warn employees about the mosquitoes, did not provide insect repellent, and did not equip employees with long-sleeved shirts. UPRR replied that under the doctrine of ferae naturae, the company was not liable for Nami’s illness because he was injured by a wild animal that was not in UPRR’s possession. UPRR also claimed that because the danger was commonly understood to exist (Galveston is known by local inhabitants as the "mosquito capital of the world"), the company had neither a duty to warn nor a duty to supply employees with repellent or long-sleeved shirts. UPRR also disputed the claim that it did not mow the grass and that it let the standing water accumulate. Nami argued that UPRR was relying on common law principles, like ferae naturae and proximate cause, that had been deliberately superseded by FELA, which states that a railroad will be liable for on-the-job injuries to a worker if the railroad "caused or contributed to" a worker’s injury just so long as the railroad’s "negligence played a part—no matter how small—in bringing about the injury." The trial court held for the railroad, but the court of appeals reversed. The case then went to the Texas Supreme Court. Does FELA supersede the Roman law principle of ferae naturae, and if not, does the doctrine of ferae naturae protect UPRR from liability? Explain. [See: Union Pacific Railroad Company v. Nami, 498 S.W. 3d 890 (Texas 2016).]
Answers
We found that the idea still holds true in the contemporary environment and that the catastrophe was not the fault of the Railways.
A railway worker who was bitten by a mosquito and later found to have West Nile virus is suing his employer for damages under the Federal Employers' Liability Act (often known as "FELA," which mandates railway companies to provide their workers with a sufficiently safe place of working).
The majority of the time, FELA culpability is determined in accordance with the norms of common law negligence. The well-established "ferret hypothesis" of the nature doctrine releases landowners from responsibility for damage caused by wild animals that wander into their property without human action.
Learn more about Liability Act here
https://brainly.com/question/31190764
#SPJ4
Which part of the First
Amendment says that citizens are allowed to practice
any religion they choose?
A. The separation clause
B. The freedom of association clause
C. The establishment clause
D. The free exercise clause
Answers
"provide comparative analysis between the deregulation introduced by
the reagan and clinton administrations."
Answers
During the Reagan administration, there was a significant change in the regulatory climate of the United States. The Reagan administration saw deregulation as a way to reduce government spending, create economic growth, and eliminate red tape.
The Reagan administration's deregulatory efforts aimed to reduce the government's regulatory role, reduce costs, and increase efficiency. Deregulation was intended to increase competition and innovation while reducing prices. The Reagan administration deregulated the banking, airlines, and transportation industries. Airlines were allowed to set their prices, leading to more competition and lower prices.
The banking industry was deregulated, leading to the creation of new financial products and services. The transportation industry was also deregulated, leading to more competition and innovation. The Clinton administration followed in Reagan's footsteps and also implemented deregulation. The Clinton administration deregulated the telecommunications industry, leading to the creation of new technologies and services. The Clinton administration also deregulated the financial industry, leading to an increase in competition and the creation of new financial products.
In conclusion, both the Reagan and Clinton administrations implemented deregulation to reduce government spending, increase competition, and stimulate innovation. Deregulation led to the creation of new products, services, and industries and lower prices. Overall, deregulation has played an important role in the growth of the American economy, with positive and negative consequences. It was a significant change in the regulatory climate, with its effects still felt today. This response is around 200 words.
To know more about economic growth visit:
https://brainly.com/question/29621837
#SPJ11
fingerprint records from the bureau of investigation and leavenworth federal penitentiary in kansas merged to form records for the new fbi.
Answers
The asking agency, the organization handling the application, may request your fingerprints as well as other data on (and with) this form.
What 3 types if agency are there?There are many various sorts of agencies that offer marketing and communication services to organizations today, but for the purposes of clarity, we may broadly divide them into three categories: creativity, marketing, and advertising.
In life, what does agency mean?Agency is the feeling of control over your life, the power to shape your own ideas and actions, and the confidence in your abilities to face a variety of challenges and circumstances. Your feeling of autonomy enables you to maintain psychological stability while being adaptable in the.
To know more about agency visit:
https://brainly.com/question/15129864
#SPJ4
A defendant was tearing up a stretch of pavement with a jackhammer when a rock flew up and struck a plaintiff in the head, causing him to be hospitalized. Because the jackhammer manufacturer had been out of business for several years, the plaintiff filed a lawsuit for his medical costs, lost work time, and pain and suffering solely against the defendant. At trial, the plaintiff's attorney calls a witness who testifies that, at the time of the incident, the defendant stated, "It was my fault." The defense attorney objects, but the judge overrules the objection on the ground that this is a declaration against interest.Are the grounds for the judge's decision correct?
Answers
Yes, the grounds for the judge's decision are correct.
A declaration against interest is a statement made by a party that is against their own interests, and is generally admissible as evidence in a court of law. In this case, the defendant's statement "It was my fault" is a declaration against their own interest, as it suggests that they are responsible for the plaintiff's injuries. As such, the statement is admissible as evidence, and the judge's decision to overrule the defence attorney's objection is correct.
To know more about judge's decision:
https://brainly.com/question/29553439
#SPJ11
Country A has determined that their full-employment level of national income is $840 at an unemployment rate of 6%. Country A was producing at this point in January 2022, but recent measures of output indicate that Country A's present level of national income is $610 with unemployment now at 9%. Further economic analysis has determined that when national income in Country A rises by $15, consumption in Country A increases by $3.
1) What type of output gap is Country A experiencing? (1pt)
2) The increase in unemployment is an increase in what type of unemployment? (1pt)
3) A worker for Country A's central bank, Ms. X, believes it is best to reduce this gap through monetary policy. Based on the above information, what type of open market operations would Ms. X suggest Country A's bank undertake? (Ipt). Use a liquidity- preference diagram to show what impact this open-market operation policy will have on interest rates. Also explain what impact the policy will have on output, unemployment, and inflation.
4) In opposition to Ms. X. Ms. Z believes this the government should close this output gap
using fiscal policy. Based on Ms. Z's recommendations,
a. What is the size of the multiplier? (2pts) b. If government transfer payments remain unchanged, by how much will G need to change to close this output gap? (for now, assume there is no crowding out effect)
(2pt) c. What is the size of the tax multiplier? (2pts) d. If G remains unchanged, by how much will government transfer payments need to
change to close this output gap? (for now, assume there is no crowding out effect)
Answers
1. Country A is experiencing a recessionary output gap.
2. The increase in unemployment is an example of cyclical unemployment.
3. Ms. X would suggest that Country A's central bank undertake expansionary open market operations, buying government securities to increase the money supply and lower interest rates.
4. The answer of each point is:
a) The size of the multiplier is 5.b) Government spending (G) needs to increase by $46 to close this output gap.c) The size of the tax multiplier is -2.d) Government transfer payments need to increase by $23 to close this output gap.Country A is experiencing a recessionary output gap because its current national income ($610) is below the full-employment level ($840), indicating a significant shortfall in output and economic activity. The increase in unemployment represents cyclical unemployment, which occurs due to the economic downturn or recession, as Country A's high unemployment rate of 9% reflects the negative impact of the recession on job opportunities.
To address the output gap, Ms. X suggests expansionary open market operations, where Country A's central bank buys government securities to inject money into the economy, lowering interest rates. This policy aims to stimulate consumption, investment, and overall economic activity, potentially leading to higher output, lower unemployment, and increased inflation.
The multiplier is 5, which means that for every dollar increase in government spending, the overall national income will increase by five dollars due to the multiplier effect. To close the output gap, government spending (G) needs to increase by $46, calculated by dividing the output gap ($230) by the marginal propensity to consume (MPC), which is 0.2 (derived from the consumption function: $3 increase in consumption for a $15 increase in income).
The tax multiplier is -2, implying that for every dollar decrease in taxes, the overall national income will decrease by two dollars due to reduced consumption and aggregate demand. If government spending (G) remains unchanged, government transfer payments need to increase by $23 to close the output gap. This is calculated by dividing the output gap ($230) by the tax multiplier (-2). Increasing transfer payments will boost disposable income, consumption, and aggregate demand, compensating for the output gap.
Learn more about national income: https://brainly.com/question/30462883
#SPJ11
2. What is national consensus?
3. What is the difference between material
and non-material culture?
Answers
pls help
If a business has not made a profit,
a. it doesn't have to pay income tax.
b. it cannot pay its employees.
c. it has no capital to put back into the business.
d. both a and c
Answers
-- In the past, nonmanagerial employees were viewed as employees who
A. Reported to top executives O
B. Reported to middle managers O
C. Supervised others
D. Had no others reporting to them O
Answers
Answer D
Explanation:
Answer:
d
Explanation: