Problem
Atoms of which two elements have a combined total of 39 protons?
A Nickle, Ni, and copper, Cu
B None of these
CPotassium, K, and calcium, Ca
DNitrogen, N, and oxygen, O
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The formation of crystals in a solution after adding a solute crystal is due to a process called nucleation. Nucleation occurs when solute particles come together and form a solid crystal structure. Here's a step-by-step explanation:

1. Initially, the beaker contains a solution, which is a homogeneous mixture of a solvent (such as water) and a solute.
2. When a solute crystal is added to the solution, it acts as a seed or a nucleus for crystal formation. The solute crystal provides a surface for solute particles to gather and organize.
3. As solute particles come into contact with the solute crystal, they adhere to its surface. This process is known as adsorption.
4. Over time, more solute particles attach themselves to the growing crystal, resulting in the formation of a larger, solid crystal structure.

5. The formation of crystals can be observed visually as the solution becomes cloudy or solid particles become visible.
6. The rate at which crystals form depends on factors such as temperature, concentration, and the nature of the solute and solvent. Higher temperatures and higher solute concentrations generally favor faster crystal formation.
7. It's important to note that the formation of crystals does not occur instantly in all cases. Sometimes, the process of nucleation may take some time, especially if the solution is not saturated with the solute.

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There are  0.3 × \(10^{-9}\) moles of \(AlCl_{3}\)  are there in 1.81  × \(10^{14}\) molecules of \(AlCl_{3}\)  .

The amount of substance in a system known as a mole is equal to the number of atoms found in 0.012 kilograms of carbon 12.

The number of moles of any substance is equal to given mass divided by molar mass of the molecule or atom or substance .

One mole is equal to 6.022 × \(10^{23}\)  atoms / ions / molecules etc .  

The number of moles is calculated as ,

n = m / M

where n = number of moles

m = given mass

M = molar mass

Since one mole contains  6.022 × \(10^{23}\) molecules .

1.81  × \(10^{14}\) molecule of \(AlCl_{3}\) contains 1.81  × \(10^{14}\) / 6.022 × \(10^{23}\) moles

Number of moles =  1.81  × \(10^{14}\) / 6.022 × \(10^{23}\)  = 0.3 × \(10^{-9}\)

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The electricity generated that powers the watch by zinc in the battery combines with oxygen in the air, zinc oxide forms reaction is a product.

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Measure the appropriate mass of solute Cupric sulfate(s) and place it into a small beaker. Dissolve the solute in the beaker with as little distilled water as possible. Carefully transfer the dissolved solute into a volumetric flask.

One method that is frequently used to prepare copper sulphate is crystallisation. An electrolytic technique is used to create the chemical. The electrolyte solution contains sulfuric acid, and the two electrodes are composed of copper.

The impure sample is dissolved in a suitable solvent, heated in a water bath, and then let to stand in order to recrystallize the impure material into pure copper sulphate.

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Answer:

Argon

Explanation:

I'm pretty sure it's argon.

Answer:

La fórmula empírica y molecular es: C₂H₆O.

Explanation:

Para calcular la formula empírica y molecular del compuesto debemos primero plantear la reacción:  

\( C_{x}H_{y}O_{z} + O_{2} \rightarrow CO_{2} + H_{2}O \)

Necesitamos encontrar "x", "y" y "z". Para ello, tenemos que recordar que la masa de carbono e hidrógeno producida está relacionada con la cantidad de C y H inicial (del compuesto):

Para el H:

CHO → H₂O

y          5,4g

\( \frac{2*1 g}{18 g} = \frac{y}{5,4 g} \rightarrow y = 0,6 g \)

Para C:  

CHO → CO₂

 x         8,8g

\( \frac{12 g}{44 g} = \frac{x}{8,8 g} \rightarrow x = 2,4 g \)

Para el O:

\( z = 4,6 g - 2,4 g - 0,6 g = 1,6 g \)

Ahora mediante el calculo de los moles del C, H y O podemos encontrar la fórmula empírica:

Para el H:

\( n_{y} = \frac{m}{Pm} = \frac{0,6 g}{1 g/mol} = 0,6 moles \)

Para el C:

\( n_{x} = \frac{m}{Pm} = \frac{2,4 g}{12 g/mol} = 0,2 moles \)

Para el O:

\( n_{z} = \frac{m}{Pm} = \frac{1,6 g}{16 g/mol} = 0,1 moles \)

\( C_{\frac{n_{x}}{n_{z}}}H_{\frac{n_{y}}{n_{z}}}O_{\frac{n_{z}}{n_{z}}} = C_{\frac{0,2}{0,1}}H_{\frac{0,6}{0,1}}O_{\frac{0,1}{0,1}} = C_{2}H_{6}O_{1} \)

Entonces, la fórmula empírica del commpuesto formado es C₂H₆O.

Ahora para determinar la fórmula molecular podemos usar la siguiente relación:

\( \frac{Pm}{Pm_{e}} = n \)

\( F_{m} = n*F_{e} \)

\( F_{m} = \frac{Pm}{Pm_{e}}*F_{e} \)    

En donde Fm (fórmula molecular) y Fe (fórmula empírica) están relacionadas por n.

El valor de Pm lo obtenemos de la ecuación del gas ideal:

\(PV = nRT = \frac{m}{Pm}RT\)

\( Pm = \frac{mRT}{PV} = \frac{9,2 g*0,082 L*atm/(K*mol)*(90 + 273 K)}{1.02 atm*5,80 L} = 46,3 g/mol \)

\( F_{m} = \frac{46,3 g/mol}{(2*12 + 6*1 + 16)g/mol}*C_{2}H_{6}O_{1} = 1.00*C_{2}H_{6}O_{1} = C_{2}H_{6}O_{1} \)    

Por lo tanto, la fórmula molecular es la misma que la fórmula empírica, a saber C₂H₆O.

Espero que te sea de utilidad!

Step 1 - Understand the behavior of an electrolyte

An electrolyte is a substance that, when dissolved in water, makes a solution capable of conducting electricity. Generally speaking, electrolytes are water-soluble compounds which produce free-ions in solution, such as salts, acids an bases:

Water does not conduct electricity by itself, because it do not have free ions. Only a solution can produce free-ions: that's why we need electrolytes. The greater the number of free-ions produced, the greater will be the conducvity.

We can measure the conductivity by attaching a light bulb to the circuit. The brighter the light, the stronger the electrolyte.

Step 2 - Determining the weak electrolyte

Since the only substance that do not turn the light on is C, we can conclude that all other substances are electrolytes. Note that B produces only a dimly light, which means he is the weak electrolyte.

CO₂ is a non-polar molecule. The correct answer is CO₂.

CO₂, which is carbon dioxide, is a non-polar molecule because it has a symmetrical shape and its bond dipoles cancel each other out. In CO₂, the carbon atom is bonded to two oxygen atoms. The molecule has a linear shape, with the carbon atom in the center and the oxygen atoms on either side.

The bond between the carbon atom and each oxygen atom is polar because oxygen is more electronegative than carbon, creating a partial negative charge on the oxygen atoms and a partial positive charge on the carbon atom. However, because the molecule is linear, the bond dipoles are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction, effectively canceling each other out.

This results in a non-polar molecule overall, with no permanent bond dipole moment. To summarize, CO₂ is a non-polar molecule because its bond dipoles cancel each other out due to its symmetrical linear shape. Hence, CO₂ is the correct answer.

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Answer:

Oxidation occurs when a reactant loses electrons during the reaction. Reduction occurs when a reactant gains electrons during the reaction.

Alveolar type II cells secrete a lipoprotein material called surfactant, whose primary function is to reduce the surface tension in the alveoli. Surfactant is a lipoprotein that consists mainly of dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine and some glycoprotein components.

Surfactant, also known as a surface-active agent, is a material, like a detergent, that when applied to a liquid, lowers its surface tension and increases the spreading and wetting capabilities of the liquid. Surfactants aid the dye's uniform penetration of the fabric during textile dyeing. By reducing the surface tension of the water, surfactants enable soap to combine with it. In addition to soaps and detergents, other products that use surfactants include lubricants, inks, anti-fogging agents, herbicides, adhesives, emulsifiers, and fabric softeners.

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Yes, the IR spectrum allow you to confirm that the structure of the product is a combination of the two reactants.

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Answer:

677

Explanation:

took the test

it said that it was wrong but then it also said the total bond energy of the reactants is 677 kJ/mol. the correct one was 854, i guess.

Hydrogen and chlorine gases react to produce hydrochloric acid according to the reaction. 677 kJ/mol total bond energy  is in the products of the reaction. Therefore, option A is correct.

Bond strength in a chemical bond is measured by bond energy, often known as mean bond enthalpy or average bond enthalpy. According to IUPAC, bond energy is the average bond-dissociation energy in the gas phase for all bonds of the same type within a single chemical species.

In a chemical reaction, links between molecules are destroyed, and new bonds are created to create new molecules. For instance, hydrogen and oxygen are created when the bonds between two molecules of water are broken.

The quantity of bonds between atoms affects bond energy. A double bond, which consists of a single bond and an additional bond, is stronger than a single bond despite the fact that they are both weaker than each other.

Thus, 677 kJ/mol total bond energy, so option A is correct.

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Covalent bonding can be defined as the sharing of electrons between two atoms.

The statement which best explains the difference between polar and nonpolar covalent bonds is "Polar covalent bonds share electrons unequally, while nonpolar covalent bonds share electrons equally"

We have:

Therefore, the statement which best explains the difference between polar and nonpolar covalent bonds is "Polar covalent bonds share electrons unequally, while nonpolar covalent bonds share electrons equally"

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Answer:

1.84x10^-4 moles of cyanocobalamin

Explanation:

The challenge here is to find the molar mass of cyanocobalamin.  The molecule has the chemical formula of:

C63H88CoN14O14P

Molar mass is calculated by adding the atomic masses of each atom in the compound.  (e.g., 63 carbons at 12 each, etc.).  The molar mass is found to be 1355.4 g/mole.

1355.4 grams of cyanocobalamin will contain 1 mole, or 6.02x10^23 molecules of cyanocobalamin.  But we only have 250 mg, or 0.250 grams of the compound.  Use the molar mass as a conversion factor by dividing the mass by the molar mass:

(0.250 g)/(1355.4 g/mole) = 1.84x10^-4 moles

The grams cancel and the moles moves to the top, leaving only moles cyanocobalamin.  While 1.84x10^-4 moles of cyanocobalamin doesn't sound like much, it represents:

(1.84x10^-4 moles)*(6.02x10^23 molecules/mole) = 1.11x10^20 molecules of cyanocobalamin

Answer:

The answer is A  S8 + O16 → 8SO2

Explanation:

The balanced chemical equation is -:

S₈ + O₂-----> 8SO₂  therefore (d) is correct .

A balanced chemical equation is an equation that has equal numbers of atoms for each element both on the reactant and product sides.

Methods to balance the chemical equation -:

The number of atoms for a given element is calculated by multiplying its coefficient with the element’s subscript in its chemical formula.

The coefficients in front of the formulas to show how many molecules of that material are used or produced.

Hence , the balanced chemical equation is -:

S₈ + O₂-----> 8SO₂ ,hence option (d) is correct .

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Answer:

i think its oxidation

Explanation:

Answer:

b. long lasting rain

Explanation:

Every chemical formula has a name. In a perfect world, this name would describe the compound's characteristics as well as its makeup.

Chemical formula that correctly matches with the name of the compound

K3N, potassium nitride

SO2, sulfur dioxide

Fe2(SO4)3, iron(III) sulfate

These names are based on a set of IUPAC standards and are referred to as systematic names. Although every chemical has a scientific name, many compounds also have popular names.

But where do the names of chemical substances come from?

Ionic compound names:

Chemical formula known as ionic compounds have ionic bonds holding the constituent ions together. These are composed of negatively charged polyatomic ions and positively charged metal cations. To be classified as an ion, they must have a positive or negative charge, though.

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Answer:

The 3rd option is correct

Explanation:

The element in group 13 and period 3 is aluminium which has the electron configuration

\(1{s}^{2} 2 {s}^{2} 2 {p}^{6} 3 {s}^{2} 3 {p}^{1} \)

or [Ne] 3s^2 3p^1

0.0333 moles of NO gas can be formed If 0.10 moles of powdered silver is added to 10.0 milliliters of 6.0-molar nitric acid,

The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between powdered silver and nitric acid is:

3Ag(s) + 4HNO3(aq) → 3AgNO3(aq) + NO(g) + 2H2O

(l) 0.10 moles of powdered silver is added to 10.0 milliliters of 6.0-molar nitric acid. The volume of 10.0 milliliters of 6.0-molar nitric acid is: 10.0 / 1000 L = 0.01

The number of moles of nitric acid used is: moles = molarity x volume (in liters) moles of HNO3 = 6.0 mol/L x 0.01 L = 0.06 moles of HNO3 From the balanced equation, it can be observed that 3 moles of Ag produce 1 mole of NO.

Therefore, 0.10 moles of powdered silver will produce moles of NO: moles of AgNO3 = 0.10 moles Ag x 1 mol AgNO3/3 mol Ag = 0.0333 moles AgNO3 moles of NO = 0.0333 moles AgNO3 x 1 mol NO / 1 mol AgNO3 = 0.0333 moles NOTherefore, 0.0333 moles of NO gas can be formed.

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The number of gold atoms in the 120.0g sample of gold(III) chloride is approximately 1.189 x 10^23 atoms.

To calculate the number of gold atoms in a sample of gold(III) chloride (Au2Cl6), we need to consider the molar mass of Au2Cl6 and Avogadro's number.

The molar mass of Au2Cl6 can be calculated by adding the atomic masses of gold (Au) and chlorine (Cl):

Molar mass of Au2Cl6 = (2 * atomic mass of Au) + (6 * atomic mass of Cl)

Using the atomic masses from the periodic table:

Molar mass of Au2Cl6 = (2 * 196.97 g/mol) + (6 * 35.45 g/mol)

Molar mass of Au2Cl6 = 393.94 g/mol + 212.70 g/mol

Molar mass of Au2Cl6 = 606.64 g/mol

Now, we can use the molar mass of Au2Cl6 to calculate the number of moles in the 120.0g sample using the formula:

Number of moles = Mass / Molar mass

Number of moles = 120.0g / 606.64 g/mol

Number of moles = 0.1977 mol

To find the number of gold atoms, we can multiply the number of moles by Avogadro's number:

Number of gold atoms = Number of moles * Avogadro's number

Number of gold atoms = 0.1977 mol * (6.022 x 10^23 atoms/mol)

Number of gold atoms = 1.189 x 10^23 atoms

Therefore, the number of gold atoms in the 120.0g sample of gold(III) chloride is approximately 1.189 x 10^23 atoms.

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Answer:

Why do both the temperature and pressure increase as you move towards the core?

Explanation:

I hope this helps!

Answer:

It's option 1: "Why do both the temperature and pressure increase as you move towards the core? "

Explanation:

The closer to Earths core, the more pressure and heat due to the magma at the core.

Answer:

Earth

Strongest

Moon

Gravitational

Tide

Pulls

Bulge

Waves

Proximity

Low Tide

Answer:

Ozone layer depletion is the thinning of the ozone layer present in the upper atmosphere. This happens when the chlorine and bromine atoms in the atmosphere come in contact with ozone and destroy the ozone molecules. One chlorine can destroy 100,000 molecules of ozone. It is destroyed more quickly than it is created

Answer:

Ozone depletion, gradual thinning of Earth’s ozone layer in the upper atmosphere caused by the release of chemical compounds containing gaseous chlorine or bromine from industry and other human activities. The thinning is most pronounced in the polar regions, especially over Antarctica. Ozone depletion is a major environmental problem because it increases the amount of ultraviolet (UV) radiation that reaches Earth’s surface, which increases the rate of skin cancer, eye cataracts, and genetic and immune system damage. The Montreal Protocol, ratified in 1987, was the first of several comprehensive international agreements enacted to halt the production and use of ozone-depleting chemicals. As a result of continued international cooperation on this issue, the ozone layer is expected to recover over time.

Answer: b

Explanation: cheese

All aquatic life uses dissolved oxygen in surface water, hence this element is frequently analyzed to determine the "health" of lakes and streams. Both groundwater discharge and atmospheric oxygen enter streams.

The amount of oxygen that is dissolved in the water, or the amount of oxygen that is available to living aquatic organisms, is measured by the term "dissolved oxygen" (DO). We can learn a lot about the water quality of a stream or lake by measuring the amount of dissolved oxygen present.For many years, the USGS has been measuring water. No matter where in the United States the water is being researched, some measures are virtually always made, including temperature, pH, and specific conductance. Dissolved oxygen (DO), a measurement of how much oxygen is dissolved in the water, is another often used indicator that can reveal a lot about the measuement  of (water quality).

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