Shanks' babystep-giantstep algorithm. Let p=1231. Then g=3 is a primitive root mod p. Let n=36. Let h=642. Let s=3^(-n) mod p. Let list 1 be L1=[1, 3, 342, ..., 3^n] (reduced mod p) Let list 2 be L2=[h, h's, h's-2....., h's^nl (reduced mod p). Find a number on both list 1 and list 2.
Answers
To find a number that appears on both List 1 (L1) and List 2 (L2) in the given scenario, we need to compute the values in each list and check for a match.
First, let's calculate the values in List 1:
L1 = [1, 3, 342, ..., 3^n] (reduced mod p)
Given that p = 1231, g = 3, and n = 36, we can calculate the values in List 1 using the babystep-giantstep algorithm. We start by initializing a dictionary to store the values and their indices:
L1_dict = {}
Next, we iterate from i = 0 to n and calculate the value 3^i (mod p):
for i in range(n+1):
L1_dict[pow(3, i, p)] = i
Now, let's calculate the values in List 2:
L2 = [h, hs, hs^2, ..., h*s^n] (reduced mod p)
Given that h = 642 and s = 3^(-n) mod p, we can calculate the values in List 2:
L2_values = []
current_val = h
for i in range(n+1):
L2_values.append(current_val)
current_val = (current_val * s) % p
Now, let's check for a number that appears in both List 1 and List 2:
for val in L2_values:
if val in L1_dict:
common_number = val
break
The variable common_number will store a number that appears on both List 1 and List 2.Note: The code provided above is written in Python, and it assumes that you have a way to execute Python code.
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Related Questions
deduce the relationship between e.m.u and e.s.u in technology .
Answers
In the CGS system, the unit of charge is the charging unit (ESU). Also known as "Statistical Pendant" (StatC). In the CGS system, the load unit is the electromagnetic unit (E.M.E.).
The e.s.u. of charge, also known as franklin or statcoulomb, is the charge such that two similar q=1statC charges at a space of 1cm from each other exert an electrostatic force of 1dyn on each other.
The e.m.u. of current, also called the biot or abampere, is the current such that two infinitely-long straight, parallel conductors carrying 1abA of current and separated by 1cm exert a magnetostatic force of 2dyn on each other.
The relations between these units are such that
\(\frac{1 statC}{1 abA * 1s} = \frac{1 statC}{1abC} = \frac{1}{C} = \frac{1 statA}{1abA} = \frac{\frac{1 statC}{s} } {1 abA}\)
where c is the speed of light.
The ESU and EMU systems of electromagnetic units are different and they should generally be considered separate and independent (if relatively similar), and they do not coincide with the gaussian set of electromagnetic units.
For example, since the electrical displacement vector D is defined as \(E + 4\pi P\) in the ESU system and \(\frac{1}{c^{2} } E + 4\pi P\) the EMU system, it is not possible to exchange the formulas of one system for another without using a formula dictionary like the one at Jackson's end. There is not. classical electrodynamics.
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Which of the following characteristics of an object-oriented programming language restricts behavior so that an object can only perform actions that are defined for its class?
Polymorphism
Inheritance
Encapsulation
Answers
Programmers who use object-oriented methods consider in terms of a class instance that has its own properties and behaviours, which is how they vary from those who use procedural methods.
Procedural programming tackles applications by managing difficulties using a top-down method where it solves problems from the top of the code and to the bottom, whereas object-oriented programming is known to be one that employs classes and objects. A programming design strategy known as procedural programming attempts to break down clearly specified tasks into modules, functions, etc. In object-oriented programming, objects are only the individual parts of a programme. The (c) Method defines the behaviour of objects. The behaviour of objects is defined through methods, which are merely functions and subroutines. Consider the following approach, for instance: Public static int (int I Fibonacci
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If the total length of a measurement is 10 1/2" what is half of this length?
Answers
Answer:
13.335 CM (1 ft, 1.335 cm)
I am 80% sure this is the answer, but i am not too keen on math so if i am wrong let me know and i will try my best to fix it!
I hope this helped! Have a good day :]
Write a reflection on how you can use your knowledge of thermodynamics during this pandemic period of the Coronavirus to
help yourself, your family, the environment, and society
consider or reconsider your energy usage, needs, and conservation
Answers
Answer:
Plzzzz answer fast......
Part A If A=(3.5+j1)and B =(6.1+j5.3) find the sum(A+B) and the difference (A-B) Enter the real part of (A + B) Answers Give Up Part B Enter the imaginary part of (A + B) Part C Enter the real part of (A - B) Part D Enter the imaginary part of (A - B) X
Answers
Part A: A + B = 9.6 + j6.3
Part B: A - B = -2.6 - j4.3
Part C: -2.6
Part D: -j4.3
Explanation:
It was difficult to discern your question because it looks like you copy and pasted, but the formatting didn't carry over. It would be helpful if you could try to manually fix the formatting next time. :-)
Adding imaginary numbers is no different than adding vectors. You just add (or subtract) the X and Y components separately. Then, you just include both components in the final answer!
Hope this helps.
Draw a developed diagram of a simple 2 layer lap winding for a 6 pole dc generator with 18 coils.
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:......................................
primitive transportation and storage systems that make local distribution ineffective if not impossible, the lack of clean water, and the lack of effective sewer systems are all examples of what type of barrier? multiple choice question.
Answers
Primitive transportation and storage systems that make local distribution ineffective if not impossible, the lack of clean water, and the lack of effective sewer systems are all examples of this type of barrier: physical and environment.
What is transportation?Transportation can be defined as a process that involves the movement of humans, products, resources such as water, and other physical things from one geographical area to another, especially through various means (forms) such as:
Water (Ship)Land (Vehicle)Air (Airplane)Rail (Train)What is a barrier?A barrier can be defined as any form of obstacle, impediment or hindrance which makes it impossible to perform an action, function or task in a timely manner.
In this context, we can reasonably infer and logically deduce that all of the aforementioned barriers such as lack of clean water and effective sewer systems, primitive transportation and storage systems are all examples of a physical and environment barrier.
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how do we find percentage error in measuring voltage across a resistor
Answers
Answer:
use the percentage error relation
Explanation:
The percentage error in anything is computed from ...
%error = ((measured value)/(accurate value) -1) × 100%
__
The difficulty with voltage measurements is that the "accurate value" may be hard to determine. It can be computed from the nominal values of circuit components, but there is no guarantee that the components actually have those values.
Likewise, the measuring device may have errors. It may or may not be calibrated against some standard, but even measurement standards have some range of possible error.
Answer:
use the percentage error relation
Answer the following short questions: (1) What is the best critical region (BCR)? (5) Define the uniformly most powerful test (UMPT). Qe) What is a pivotal quantity (PQ)? d) Define Randomized Test. e) What is the use of the Sequential Probability Ratio Test?
Answers
a. Best Critical Region (BCR): The critical region that maximizes the power of a statistical test.
b. Uniformly Most Powerful Test (UMPT): A statistical test with the highest power among all possible tests for a given significance level.
c. Pivotal Quantity (PQ): A function of sample data and an unknown parameter with a known distribution independent of the parameter.
d. Randomized Test: A statistical test where the decision to accept or reject the null hypothesis is determined randomly.
e. Sequential Probability Ratio Test (SPRT): A method for sequential decision-making based on accumulating evidence from a sequence of observations, useful for efficient binary decision-making.
a. The best critical region (BCR) refers to the region in the sample space where the null hypothesis is rejected, resulting in the most favorable trade-off between the probabilities of type I and type II errors. It is the critical region that maximizes the power of the statistical test.
b. The uniformly most powerful test (UMPT) is a type of statistical test that possesses the most power among all possible tests for a given significance level. It is designed to detect the alternative hypothesis with the highest probability, making it the most powerful test in a statistical hypothesis testing framework.
c. A pivotal quantity (PQ) is a function of the sample data and an unknown parameter that has a known distribution that does not depend on the parameter itself. Pivotal quantities are useful in statistical inference as they allow for the construction of confidence intervals and hypothesis tests that are distribution-free or have known distributions.
d. A randomized test is a type of statistical test where the decision to accept or reject the null hypothesis is determined by a random mechanism. It involves using a randomization procedure to assign observations to different treatment groups or to determine the critical region. Randomized tests have the advantage of controlling the type I error rate and can be useful in situations where traditional fixed-sample tests may not be appropriate.
e. The Sequential Probability Ratio Test (SPRT) is a statistical method used for making sequential decisions based on accumulating evidence from a sequence of observations. It is commonly used in quality control and decision-making processes where data is collected sequentially. The SPRT allows for early termination of the test if a decision can be reached with sufficient confidence based on the available data, leading to efficient and timely decision-making. It is particularly useful when testing hypotheses or making binary decisions in a sequential manner, reducing the number of observations required compared to traditional fixed-sample tests.
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what are the dimension of the container
Answers
Answer:
Dimensions of a standard container is length 5.440 m 17'10 3/16' width 2.294 m 7'6 1/4' height centimeters 3.237 7'4 1/16'
Explanation:
Standard height for a shipping container is 8 feet 6 inches
Explain why reinforcement steel bars are not being used in the present concrete pavement
Answers
Concrete pavement is often unreinforced, depending on the type of concrete used, the base it is placed on, and design considerations specific to the project. Flexible concrete actually performs better without reinforcing bars except at stress locations such as angled segments and sharp curves. Because the design mix allows the hardened, cured concrete to flex before it cracks/breaks, rebar would actually contribute to cracking if it flexes.
Where reinforcing is critical is in bridging, that is, where a section isn’t on solid base material. When placed on structural base where a sufficient CPR or LBR (California Bearing Ration or Limestone Bearing Ratio) is achieved, the base is a material that is compacted and stiff/hard enough to support the full weight of the concrete plus the designed load of traffic. In locations where soft material isn’t or cannot be mitigated by overexcavating and filling with stronger material for subgrade and base, reinforcing bars are needed.
One thing to note is that even though the slab may not need to be reinforced, joints are usually dowelled with steel bars so that slabs remain flush if settling does occur. These are often 3/4 inch or one inch steel bars that are slipped through the formwork so that half is in one slab, and half in the adjacent. One ends is sometimes greased to allow the dowel to slide when the slabs expand and contract.
Other methods are used in highway pavement, such as steel fiber reinforcement, polyester fiber reinforcement, and others, that are blended into the concrete when it is mixed.
Still other techniques are used to mitigate cracks caused by expansion/shrinkage in pavement slabs, like entraining air, using shrinkage reducing admixtures, controlling slump during placing, and curing with membranes to slow dehydration after the concrete is placed. This answer is applicable to the region where I work, in the southeast U.S., and probably different climates have different needs, particularly very cold climates, or places where stable ground conditions are difficult to achieve.
Its not essential. . . but it can be used to assist in crack control.
I have designed thousands of square m of airfield pavement (which takes far higher loads than roads) which has all been unreinforced.
A ___________ is defined as a change in shape of the part between the damaged and undamaged area hat is smooth and continuous . When the part is straightened, it is returned to proper shape and state without any areas of permanent deformation.
Answers
A bend is defined as a change in the shape of the part between the damaged and undamaged area that is smooth and continuous.
What is a kink?
A kink can be defined as a sharp bend with a small radius over a short distance.
So when any part is kinked it must be replaced without any doubt. A part is kinked if it just doesn't work on the repair.
What is a bend?
Unlike a kink, a bend can be restored. That is after a bend also a part can be bought back to its original position.
When the part is straightened, it is returned to proper shape and state without any areas of permanent deformation.
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We have a credit charge that is trying to process but we do not remember signing up and email login is not working? Is there a way to check?
Answers
Answer:
Yes
Explanation:
In such a case, one way to check the credit charge is to contact your bank, doing so would allow the bank to check your account properly to determine where the transaction was originated from.
Another way you could check is to contact the online merchant where such a transaction was initiated.
A 280 km long pipeline connects two pumping stations. It is desired to pump 0.56 m3/s of oil through a 0.62 m diameter line, the discharge station is 250 m lower in elevation than the upstream station, and the discharge pressure is to be maintained at 300 kPa. The oil has a dynamic viscosity of 3.645 x 10-3 Pa·s and a density of 810 kg/m3. The pipe is constructed of commercial steel and the inlet pressure may be taken as 1 atmosphere. Considering the mechanical-energy friction loss Ff, determine the power required to pump the oil if the power efficiency is 70%. Develop a sketch of the piping system considered.
Ignore energy losses due to contraction, expansion & 90° bends!!!
Answers
Technician A says that angle spring pull-type clutches are adjusted by turning the large adjustment ring in the
clutch cover. Technician B says that the adjustment will change the clutch brake squeeze dimension. Who is
correct?
correct Tech A or tech B
Answers
I hope it will help
What is An ampere is
Answers
Answer:
the SI base unit of electrical current.
Answer:
An ampere is the SI base unit of electrical current
why dose bob not let humans touch him one and only Ivan
Answers
Briefly explain thermal expansion using the potential energy–versus–interatomic spacing curve.
Answers
As the temperature of the material increases, the potential energy of the molecules increases. Thermal expansion occurs due to changes in temperature, and interatomic distances increase as potential energy increases.
What are the uses of Thermal Expansion?Thermal expansion is used in a variety of applications such as rail buckling, engine coolant, mercury thermometers, joint expansion, and others.
It is to be noted that an application of the concept of liquid expansion in everyday life concerns liquid thermometers. As the heat rises, the mercury or alcohol in the thermometer tube moves in only one direction. As the heat decreases, the liquid moves back smoothly.
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Published company policies provide a(n) ____ for a business to conduct internal investigations. a.litigation path b.line of allegation c.allegation resource d.line of authority
Answers
Published company policies provide a line of authority for a business to conduct internal investigations."Line of allegation" is not a commonly used term in this context, and "allegation resource" does not accurately describe the role of load company policies in internal investigations.
A line of authority refers to the chain of command or the hierarchy within an organization. In the context of internal investigations, it specifies who has the authority to conduct an investigation, how the investigation should be carried out, and what steps should be taken if wrongdoing is found. By having a published company policy that outlines this line of authority, businesses can ensure that their investigations are conducted in a fair and consistent manner, and that the results are credible and reliable.
Published company policies serve as a line of authority because they establish the framework, procedures, and guidelines that a business follows when conducting internal investigations. These policies provide a clear and consistent approach, allowing the business to handle investigations in a professional and efficient manner.
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How do cars moves? and explain Please.
Answers
Answer:
when car vroom it go electric
Explanation:
i think then it goes to some spinny thing that spins and make the electric and the electic spins the spinny thing and the smoke comes outside the back
describe the historical development of building material being used in the construction indsury
Answers
Answer:
Construction, the techniques and industry involved in the assembly and ... Early building materials were perishable, such as leaves, branches, and animal hides. ... The well-developed masonry technology of Mesopotamia was used to build large ... although its precise description is unknown; the concealed faces of stones
Explanation:
THE MASS FOR OBJECT 1 is 107.01 grams what is the objects force in Newton’s answer please
Answers
Given that,
Mass of the object 1, m = 107.01 grams
To find,
Force on the object.
Solution,
The force acting on the object is gravitational force. The force is given by the formula as follow :
F = mg
g is acceleration due to gravity
F = 0.10701 kg × 9.8 m/s²
F = 1.048 N
So, the force acting on object 1 is 1.048 N.
What is not a duty of a general service technician?
Answers
Order the parts needed is NOT a duty of the General Service Technician.
General service technicians are knowledgeable workers who are in charge of carrying out repair tasks on cars and other light vehicles. Customers must interact with these specialists in order to discuss pricing estimates for undertaking car maintenance services. They are required to undertake any required repairs or part replacements as well as visual vehicle inspections. They must possess the necessary skills to operate equipment that mounts and balances vehicle tyres. General service personnel should be able to install car batteries and inspect the electrical systems of vehicles.
Therefore, order the parts needed is NOT a duty of the General Service Technician.
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A heavy train requires nearly a mile to come to a complete stop because it has a lot of
Answers
Answer:
Friction
Explanation:
Heavy objects take an extended way to get to a full halt, so they have a lot of friction.
An item with high weight is forced down to something like a surface of stronger power than an item with small weight and, as a result, there is a greater pressure between the base of the large weight than the one between ground and the small one.
Answer:
friction
Explanation: It has a lot of mass so it will interact with the railroad. When you interact with the railroad, it is called friction. That will make the train slower.
Hope this helps! Stay Safe!
“We’re late for homeroom,” said Bonnie, surprised to hear herself say “we.” “EARL is a tool, Bonnie’s mother kept reminding her, not a friend or a puppy. ‘Don’t anthropomorphize it, honey,’ Bonnie’s mom said one night after she found Bonnie dancing around her bedroom with the metal contraption. ‘It’s a walking blender. Never forget that.”
QUESTION: What does, "Anthropomorphize" means in the sentences above?
(A) It means to program a robot so that it acts in a robotic or unnatural way?
(B) Or it means to give human characteristics to an object or animal?
(C) To make a human act more like an animal and less of a human?
(D) Or to make a human act more like an animal and less of a human?
Answer correctly
Will give Brainliest, a THX, friend request, and will rate ur answer
Answers
Answer:
Hi there
Your answer is:
B.
Explanation:
The "metal contraption", as the text goes on to say, is treated like a friend to Bonnie. Her mom comments on this by contrasting the metal contraption to a puppy.
Hope this helps
Can someone tell me what car year and model this is please
Answers
Answer:
i think 1844
Explanation:
2005 BMW 5 Series , that should be it
the following statement are why a synchronous motor could never be started with dc excitation applied to the rotor; except
Answers
The motor won't turn, and the DC excitor's power supply could be harmed by the induced voltage on the rotor.
What is excitation in AC and DC?
When the exciter rotor begins to rotate, the leftover magnetism in the exciter stator is converted to AC (Alternating Current) output, which is then routed through a bridge rectifier. The main rotor receives the output after it has been converted into DC (Direct Current) by a bridge rectifier.
Why is the excitation current DC?
A rotor's field windings receive an excitation voltage or current to create a static magnetic field. We will receive a fluctuating magnetic field if we employ alternating current rather than direct current.
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What is the MINIMUM vertical reinforcing steel requirement for a 8" thick masonry foundation wall that is 7' 6" high supporting 6' 6" of unbalanced backfill with a lateral load of 60 psf?
1. #7 at 48" o.c.
2. #6 at 48" o.c.
3. #5 at 48" o.c.
4. #4 at 48" o.c.
Answers
The vertical reinforcing steel requirement for an 8" thick masonry foundation wall that is 7'6" high, supporting 6'6" of unbalanced backfill with a lateral load of 60 psf is #5 at 48" o.c. The correct option is 3.
The minimum vertical reinforcing steel requirement for a foundation wall is determined by the height of the wall, the thickness of the wall, the load on the wall, and the unbalanced backfill. The minimum size and spacing of vertical reinforcing bars in a masonry wall are specified in ACI 530-11/ASCE 5-11/TMS 402-11. The vertical reinforcing steel requirement for a masonry foundation wall is determined by the formula:
A = (0.0025hd) / s where A is the area of vertical reinforcement (\(in^{2} /ft\)), h is the height of the wall (ft), d is the effective thickness of the wall (ft), and s is the spacing of the bars (in).
The minimum area of vertical reinforcement should not be less than 0.0025 times the product of the height and effective thickness of the wall. The minimum spacing of vertical bars is 48 inches or the thickness of the wall, whichever is less.
For an 8" thick wall with a height of 7'6" and a lateral load of 60 psf, the minimum area of vertical reinforcement is:
0.0025 × 7.5 × 0.67 = 0.0126 (\(in^{2} /ft\)).
The minimum size of the vertical bar is #5 (0.162 in2).
Therefore, the minimum number of bars required is:
0.0126 / 0.162 = 0.0777, which is rounded up to 0.08.
Thus, the minimum spacing of vertical bars is 12 / 0.08 = 48 inches. Therefore, the minimum vertical reinforcing steel requirement is #5 at 48 inches o.c., which is option 3.
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An analog signal is to be converted into a PCM signal that is a binary polar NRZ line code. The signal is transmitted over a channel that is absolutely bandlimited to 4 kHz. Assume that the PCM quantizer has 16 steps and that the overall equivalent system transfer function is of the raised cosine-rolloff type with r = 0. 5. A) Find the maximum PCM bit rate that can be supported by this system without introducing ISI. B) Find the maximum bandwidth that can be permitted for the analog signal
Answers
The maximum PCM bit rate is 4 bits/sample x 12,000 samples/second is 48 kbps.
The maximum bandwidth that can be permitted for the analog signal is equal to the channel bandwidth, which is 4 kHz.
We have,
A)
To find the maximum PCM bit rate without introducing ISI, we need to ensure that the sampling rate is greater than twice the channel bandwidth.
The Nyquist sampling rate for a 4 kHz bandwidth is 8 kHz.
The raised cosine filter roll-off factor r = 0.5 means that the transition bandwidth is 50% of the symbol rate.
Therefore, the symbol rate must be twice the channel bandwidth plus 50% of the symbol rate, or 2 x 4 kHz x 1.5 = 12 kHz.
Since the PCM system has 16 quantization levels, each sample will require 4 bits (log2 16 = 4).
The maximum PCM bit rate is 4 bits/sample x 12,000 samples/second.
= 48 kbps.
B)
The maximum bandwidth that can be permitted for the analog signal is equal to the channel bandwidth, which is 4 kHz.
This is determined by the Nyquist sampling theorem, which states that the maximum frequency that can be accurately represented in a sampled signal is half the sampling rate.
Since the system is bandlimited to 4 kHz, we need to sample at a rate of at least 8 kHz to accurately represent the signal, and the maximum frequency component that can be represented is 4 kHz.
Thus,
The maximum PCM bit rate is 4 bits/sample x 12,000 samples/second is 48 kbps.
The maximum bandwidth that can be permitted for the analog signal is equal to the channel bandwidth, which is 4 kHz.
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you are given the following data set: 15, 12, 11, 13, 10, 23, 16, 18, 11, 8. find the values of the lower quartile, median, upper quartile and interquartile range respectively.
Answers
second: Q2=12.5
third: Q3=16
interquartile: 5
median: Q2=12.5
minimum: 8
maximum: 23
range: 15