Use the following terms to fill in the blanks:
a. Molality,
b. Mole Fraction,
c. Molarity, Percent by Mass,
d .Unsaturated, Concentration
1. In chemistry, the most commonly used unit of concentration is_________ .
2. The amount of solute (in any measurement unit) divided by the amount of solvent or solution (in any measurement unit) is defined by the basic term of________________ .
3. Dividing the mass of solute by the total mass of solvent and solute will give you the _____________.
4. A method of describing concentration which shows the comparison of moles of solute to moles_____________.

The human population grew from 1 billion in the year 1800 to approximately 7.8 billion in the year 2021.

In the year 1800, the estimated global human population was around 1 billion. Over the next two centuries, significant advancements in technology, medicine, agriculture, and improved living conditions contributed to a rapid increase in population.

The growth rate of the human population began to accelerate in the 20th century. By the year 1927, the global population reached 2 billion. It took just 33 years for the population to double, reaching 4 billion in 1960. The population continued to grow at an unprecedented rate, with 6 billion people on Earth by the year 1999. As of 2021, the estimated global population stands at approximately 7.8 billion.

This remarkable growth in population can be attributed to several factors, including advancements in healthcare leading to reduced infant mortality rates, improved access to education and contraception, increased agricultural productivity, and overall socio-economic development.

It's important to note that population growth has not been uniform across all regions. Different countries and regions have experienced varying rates of population growth due to factors such as fertility rates, mortality rates, migration patterns, and government policies.

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Answer:

1450 k

Explanation:

We are given:

V1 = 250 mL                        V2 = 500 mL

T1 = 725k                             T2 = T

V1 / T1 = V2 / T2

Now, replacing the values:

250 / 725 = 500 / T

T = 500 * 725 / 250

T = 2 * 725

T = 1450 k

The question is incomplete, the complete question is;

A block is pulled 0.90 m to the right in 2.5 s. What is the blocks average speed to the nearest hundredth of a m/s

Answer:

0.36 m/s to the hundredth place

Explanation:

Now let us remember the definition of speed. Speed is defined in physics as distance/time.

Here we have the distance as 0.9 m

We have the time as 2.5 s

Hence the average speed is obtained from;

Speed = 0.9/2.5 = 0.36 m/s to the hundredth place

Answer:

Explanation:

To find the concentration of a solution, we need to divide the number of moles of solute by the volume of the solution in liters.

In this case, we have 0.50 mol of NaCl dissolved in 0.30 L of solution. Therefore, the concentration of the solution can be calculated as:

Concentration = moles of solute / volume of solution

Concentration = 0.50 mol / 0.30 L

Concentration = 1.67 mol/L

Therefore, the concentration of the solution is 1.67 mol/L.

When the equilibrium constant is higher than one, it indicates that the reaction prefers to produce products, whereas if the equilibrium constant is less than one, it indicates that the reaction prefers to produce reactants. If the equilibrium constant is equal to one, the reaction proceeds in both directions equally.

In a chemical reaction, exothermic reactions are defined as reactions that release heat into their environment. It implies that heat is given off when reactants are converted to products. At equilibrium, an exothermic reaction continues to be exothermic, meaning that heat is given off even after the reaction reaches a state of equilibrium.There are two types of reactions: exothermic and endothermic.

A reaction is classified as exothermic if it releases heat, and endothermic if it absorbs heat. The direction of the reaction is determined by whether it is exothermic or endothermic. At equilibrium, the reaction is no longer moving forwards or backwards. It's also worth noting that reactions can be exothermic in one direction and endothermic in the other.

The equilibrium constant (K) is defined as the ratio of the concentration of products to the concentration of reactants in the chemical reaction equation. It is used to express how much of the products is generated by the reaction in comparison to the reactants.  the equilibrium constant aids in the identification of the direction in which the reaction will proceed at equilibrium.

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Answer:

potassium and magnesium

Answer:

Electrons are transferred in an ionic bond, whereas they are unequally shared in a polar covalent bond, are equally blank in a nonpolar covalent bond.

Explanation:

An ionic bond involved the transfer of electron(s) from one atom to another. For instance, NaCl is formed by a transfer of one electron from sodium to chlorine.

A polar covalent bond is formed by an unequal sharing of electrons between atoms of different electro negativities. This is the case in polar HCl.

Non polar covalent bonds are formed when electrons are equally shared between two or more atoms such as in CH4.

Answer:

28645 years

Explanation:

Given the formula;

0.693/t1/2 = 2.303/t log (No/N)

Given that N = 1/32 No

Note;

t1/2 = half life of Carbon-14

t = time required for N amount of carbon -14 to remain= 5,730 years

No= amount of carbon 14 initially present

N = amount of carbon-14 after time t

Substituting values;

0.693/5,730 = 2.303/t log (No/1/32No)

0.693/5,730 = 2.303/t log 32

1.21 * 10^-4      = 3.466/t

t = 3.466/1.21 * 10^-4

t = 28645 years

Any preserved imprints, remains and traces of once a living organism from history are called fossils. By utilizing the radioactive property of organic compounds one can determine the age of an object.

The approximate age of the fossilizes remain is 28645 years.

This can be estimated as:

The formula used will be:

\(\dfrac{0.693}{\dfrac{t1}{2}}= \dfrac{2.303}{t} log (\dfrac{No}{N})\)

Where,

Given,

N = \({\dfrac{1}{32} No\)

Replacing values in formula:

\(\dfrac{0.693}{5,730} & = \dfrac{2.30}{t} log \:({{\dfrac{No}{\dfrac{1}{32} No}})\)

\(\dfrac{0.693}{5,730} & = \dfrac{2.30}{t} \;log 32\)

\(1.21 \times 10^{-4} = \dfrac{3.466}{t}\)

\(t = \dfrac{3.466}{1.21} \times 10^{-4}\)

\(t = 28645 \:\text{years}\)

Therefore, the approximate age of the fossil is 28645 years.

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The balanced molecular equation for the reaction between sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and aluminum chloride (\(AlCl_3\)) in aqueous solution can be written as follows: 2NaOH(aq) + 3\(AlCl_3\)(aq) → 3NaCl(aq) + \(Al(OH)_3\)(s)

In this reaction, sodium hydroxide (NaOH) reacts with aluminum chloride (\(AlCl_3\)) to form sodium chloride (NaCl) and aluminum hydroxide (\(Al(OH)_3\)). The coefficients in the balanced equation indicate the stoichiometric ratio between the reactants and products.

The physical states of the substances are indicated by the symbols (aq) for aqueous solutions and (s) for the solid precipitate.

The reaction is a double-displacement reaction, also known as a precipitation reaction. Double-displacement reactions involve the exchange of ions between two compounds, resulting in the formation of a precipitate.

In this case, sodium hydroxide and aluminum chloride react to form sodium chloride and aluminum hydroxide, with aluminum hydroxide being the white solid precipitate.

It's worth noting that the actual reaction might involve hydrated forms of the compounds, such as NaOH·x\(H_2O\) and \(AlCl_3\)·y\(H_2O\). However, for simplicity, these hydrated forms are not included in the balanced equation.

Overall, the balanced equation represents the chemical reaction between sodium hydroxide and aluminum chloride, showing the reactants, products, and their stoichiometric ratios.

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The calculated formula masses to 133.5 amu, we find that the substance with a formula mass closest to 133.5 amu is (d) AlCl3. Therefore, the answer is option D.

To identify the substance with a formula mass of 133.5 amu, we need to calculate the formula mass of each given substance and compare it to 133.5 amu.

(a) MgCl2:

The formula mass of MgCl2 can be calculated by adding the atomic masses of magnesium (Mg) and chlorine (Cl).

Mg: atomic mass = 24.31 amu

Cl: atomic mass = 35.45 amu

Formula mass of MgCl2 = (24.31 amu) + 2(35.45 amu) = 95.21 amu

(b) SCl:

The formula mass of SCl can be calculated by adding the atomic masses of sulfur (S) and chlorine (Cl).

S: atomic mass = 32.07 amu

Cl: atomic mass = 35.45 amu

Formula mass of SCl = 32.07 amu + 35.45 amu = 67.52 amu

(c) BCl:

The formula mass of BCl can be calculated by adding the atomic mass of boron (B) and chlorine (Cl).

B: atomic mass = 10.81 amu

Cl: atomic mass = 35.45 amu

Formula mass of BCl = 10.81 amu + 35.45 amu = 46.26 amu

(d) AlCl3:

The formula mass of AlCl3 can be calculated by adding the atomic mass of aluminum (Al) and 3 times the atomic mass of chlorine (Cl).

Al: atomic mass = 26.98 amu

Cl: atomic mass = 35.45 amu

Formula mass of AlCl3 = 26.98 amu + 3(35.45 amu) = 133.78 amu. Option D

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Answer:

Rusting

Explanation:

Rusting is oxidizing iron, which would be a chemical property.

The average number of internet services in an area of 5.0-kilometer square would be 0.36 internet services..

The average number of people per square mile = 710

1 square mile = 2.59 square kilometer

The average number of people per kilometer square = 710

Number of internet services per person = 0.72

The total number of people that would be in a 5.0-kilometer square = 710 x 5 = 3550 people.

710 people = 0.72 internet services

3550 people = 3550 x 0.72/710

                       = 3.6 internet services

in other words, the average number of internet services per person in an area of 5.0-kilometer square would be 0.36 internet services.

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The pressure of the gas is now obtained as 32.7 atm.

We know that the reaction has been shown in the question and we have been asked to be able to obtain the final pressure of the system. We need to obtain the limiting reactant so that we can be able to get the amount of the product that is formed.

If 1 mole of phosphorus reacts with 6 moles of chlorine

0.351 moles of  phosphorus reacts with 0.351 moles * 6 moles/1 mole

= 2.1 moles

Thus chlorine is the limiting reactant.

6 moles of chlorine produces 4 moles of phosphorus trichloride

1.17 moles of chlorine produces 1.17 moles * 4 moles/6 moles

= 0.78 moles

We would now apply the ideal gas equation;

PV = nRT

P = pressure

V = volume

n = Number of moles

R = gas constant

T = temperature

Then

P = nRT/V

P = 0.78 * 0.082 * 572/1.12

P = 32.7 atm

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Matter of the substance is the mass and takes up space, volume . .The physical properties of matter is the that determine without changing chemical identity.

The  properties of matter is of two types : the physical property and the chemical property . A physical properties of matter is the property that can be determined without changing their chemical identity of a substance. example : density , color, mass , volume , length,  etc. the physical properties are of two types : intensive physical properties and the extensive physical properties.

The chemical properties of that that can be determine by the changing the chemical identity of substance. example : toxicity, heat, enthalpy, flammability.

Thus, Matter of the substance is the mass and takes up space, volume .The physical properties of matter is the that determine without changing chemical identity.

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2 moles of ZnO are produced if 1 mole of Zn and 2 moles of \(O_2\) is required.

A mole is defined as 6.02214076 × \(10^{23}\) of some chemical unit, be it atoms, molecules, ions, or others. The mole is a convenient unit to use because of the great number of atoms, molecules, or others in any substance.

Balanced equation:

\(2 Zn + O_2\) → \(2 ZnO\)

For 2 moles of Zinc, we need 1 mol of Oxygen to produce 2 moles of Zinc oxide

For 1 mole Zn, we need 2 mol \(O_2\) to produce 2 moles ZnO only.

Hence, 2 moles ZnO is produced.

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The solution for the arithmetic problems are​ is mathematically given as

23.27-72.058=-48.79

0.0853+0.05477+0.0002=0.14

35/0.0622=562.7

3400*0.00800=27.2

(43.1+27.250)*(22.514-18.0)​=317.56

Question Parameter(s):

23.27-72.058

0.0853+0.05477+0.0002

35/0.0622

3400*0.00800

(43.1+27.250)*(22.514-18.0)​

Generally,

23.27-72.058=-48.79

0.0853+0.05477+0.0002=0.14

35/0.0622=562.7

3400*0.00800=27.2

(43.1+27.250)*(22.514-18.0)​=317.56

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A type of fossil fuel,known as Tar stands.

A fossil fuel is a hydrocarbon-containing material formed naturally in to  the Earth's crust from to the  remains of dead plants and animals and birds that is the  extracted and burned as thr  a fuel. The main fossil  fuels are mainly coal, oil, and natural gas.

Tar sands are a combination of clay, sand, water and bitumen, which is a heavy hydrocarbon. Like the  kerogen in oil shale, tar sands' bitumen can be upgraded to synthetic crude oil.

So answer is tar sands.

These include tar sands – deposits of moist sand and it is  clay with 1-2 percent  bitumen (thick and heavy are  petroleum rich in the  carbon and poor in the  hydrogen). These are the  removed by strip mining in the  (see section below on coal)

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Answer:

D

Explanation:

Transfer of electrons from Na to Cl

Na has configuration of 2,8,1 it will lose one electron to Cl with configuration of 2,7 inorder for both to attain an octet configuration

Answer:

Explanation:

Here, we want to get the total bond energy for the products

On the products side, we have 4 C=O bonds formed and 4 O-H bonds formed

We have the values from the given table above

Thus, we have the energy as the sum of the energy of the bonds

Mathematically, we have that as:

We would be having the answer as negative since the process of bond formation is exothermic (heat is given off and enthalpy change value is negative)

Answer:

you cant post pictures on brainly answers.... can you?

Explanation:

R= 1155×100/6000×3/12

R= 1155×2/3

Answer:

The southern hemisphere is currently experiencing "Summer"

Explanation:

The Southern hemisphere is experiencing summer because it is closer to the sun than the Northern Hemisphere and also, direct light is more hotter than indirect light.

So, first, let's try an EXPERIMENT!

Take a VERY bright flashlight or a very small laser that can't harm you or just burn a paper in 1 second.

Then, take a piece of paper, or maybe just your skin, (like your hand) and place it under the light or laser, (for the laser, you should probably take the paper), and place the light source right above your skin, then, after some time, when it gets hot, measure the temperature. (around like 30 seconds later),

Note down the temperature...

Now, do the same thing, accept, do it in a very weird angle, face it towards your paper or hand, but, do it in an angle. More than like 30 degrees. Then, after some time, note down the temperature.

You probably, noticed, that the direct light (the one with the straight light facing your paper or skin, was hotter). Look at the image below, and you can understand better.

So, the same thing applies to the earth. The southern hemisphere in this picture is facing more directly to the sun than the northern hemisphere. That is why your answer is

Thank you! Please mark me Brianliest!

Remember to have fun, and a nice day!

Answer:   summer

Explanation:

Answer:

It should be A the gravitational force on the moon is weaker than on Earth

Answer:  there are 0.024 moles of CCl4 present in 3.70 grams of this compound

Explanation: To determine the number of moles of a compound present in a given mass, we can use the formula:

moles = mass / molar mass

where molar mass is the mass of one mole of the compound and is measured in g/mol.

The molar mass of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) is 153.82 g/mol.

So to find the number of moles of CCl4 present in 3.70 grams, we can plug in the values into the formula:

moles = 3.70 g / 153.82 g/mol

moles = 0.024 mol

Therefore, there are 0.024 moles of CCl4 present in 3.70 grams of this compound.

Answer:

The atomic is 6, the mass number is 12

Explanation:

The element being described is Carbon.

The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom is called its atomic number, Z.

The number of protons pluss the number of neutronsin the nucleus of an atom gives the atom's mass number, A.

The "Ring of Responsibility" requires a 15- to 25-foot untreated buffer zone next to water bodies.

A buffer zone is an area of land that separates two or more countries, states, or territories, and is often demilitarized. The purpose of a buffer zone is to provide a space for negotiations and to reduce the possibility of conflict and war. Buffer zones can also be used to protect sensitive natural resources or habitats, such as areas of wilderness or wildlife. Buffer zones can be permanent or temporary, and can range in size from a few miles to hundreds of miles. In addition to physical barriers, buffer zones can also include economic, political, and social measures to reduce tensions between two or more parties. Buffer zones are an important tool in international relations, as they can help to prevent armed conflict and promote peaceful resolution of disputes.

This buffer zone is intended to prevent pollutants from entering the water body and protect it from potential environmental damage.

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From the stoichiometry of the reaction, 0.094 g  of \(Cu^{2+}\) is contained in the reaction.

The reaction equation is given by; \(2Na_{3}PO_{4} (aq) + 3CuCl_{2} (aq) ----- > 6NaCl (aq) + Cu_{3}(PO_{4}) _{2} (s)\). We must note that the balanced reaction equation is the entry way into obtaining the correct stoichiometry of the reaction in order to solve the problem.

Number of moles of \(Na_{3}PO_{4}\) =  5.00 × 10−2 L *  0.173 mol L−1 = 0.00865 moles

If 2 moles of \(Na_{3}PO_{4}\) produces 1 mole of\(Cu_{3}(PO_{4}) _{2}\)

0.00865 moles of \(Na_{3}PO_{4}\) produces  0.00865 moles * 1 mole/2 moles

= 0.0043 moles of \(Cu3(PO4)2\)

Number of moles of \(Cu^{2+}\) = 0.0043 moles/3 = 0.00144 moles

Mass of \(Cu^{2+}\) = 0.00144 moles * 63.5 g/mol = 0.094 g

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There are two main types of autotrophic bacteria: photoautotrophs utilize light as an energy source, whereas chemoautotrophs derive energy by oxidizing inorganic compounds.

Photoautotrophs use pigments such as chlorophyll or bacteriochlorophyll to capture light energy, which is then used in the process of photosynthesis to produce organic compounds from carbon dioxide. Chemoautotrophs, on the other hand, do not require light as an energy source and instead use energy from the oxidation of inorganic compounds such as ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, or ferrous iron to drive the synthesis of organic compounds.

Chemoautotrophic bacteria are often found in extreme environments such as deep-sea hydrothermal vents, where they are able to derive energy from the chemical reactions occurring in the surrounding environment.

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A public good cannot be provided to one person without making it available to others as well.

A non-exclusive, non-rivalrous good is referred to as a public good. It cannot be given to just one person without also being made available to others. If one person uses it, it doesn't prevent others from doing so as well. Roads are an illustration of a public good.

Club goods and private goods are in opposition to public goods. An example of a public good is a club good. It is non-rivalrous but excludable. One example of a club good is paid streaming services. The service is not available to those who do not subscribe. However, each subscriber is equally valued by the service.

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(a) The diagram of the galvanic cell is attached to the image below.

(b) Anode: Magnesium strip (Mg)

Cathode: Nickel strip (Ni)

(c) Direction of electron flow: From the anode (Mg) to the cathode (Ni)

The direction of ion flow: From Beaker A to Beaker B through the salt bridge

(d) Oxidizing agent: Nickel strip (Ni)

Reducing agent: Magnesium strip (Mg)

(e) Half-reactions:

At the anode (oxidation):

Mg(s) → Mg⁺²(aq) + 2e-

(f) Net ionic equation:

Mg(s) + Ni⁺²(aq) → Mg²(aq) + Ni(s)

(g) As the cell operates, the mass of the magnesium strip (anode) will decrease due to the oxidation of magnesium atoms into magnesium ions. Conversely, the mass of the nickel strip (cathode) will increase as nickel ions are reduced and deposited onto the strip.

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