What material is the source for commercial production of each of the following elements:(e) sodium?

Answers

Answer 1

Electrolysis of molten sodium chloride is the source for commercial production of sodium.

Electrolysis is a method used in chemistry and industry to force a chemical reaction that would not otherwise occur naturally. As a step in the electrolytic cell-based separation of elements from naturally existing sources like ores, electrolysis is significant from a commercial standpoint.

The formation of hydrogen gas at the negative electrode, chlorine gas at the positive electrode, and a sodium hydroxide solution all occur when an electric current is carried through a concentrated sodium chloride solution.  To create sodium metal and chlorine gas, molten (liquid) sodium chloride can be electrolyzed. A Down's cell is the name of the electrolytic cell employed in the procedure.

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Related Questions

¿Qué es una fuente de luz primaria?

Answers

Answer:

Las fuentes de luz primarias son aquellas que emiten la luz que producen. Por ejemplo: la luz de Sol, un relámpago, la de una vela,...

A su vez las fuentes primarias las podemos clasificar en: fuentes naturales y fuentes artificiales

Explanation:

how many molecules are present in a sample of carbon dioxide, CO2 with a mass of 168.2g?​

Answers

Answer:

2.3 X 10^24 atoms CO2

Explanation:

Answer:

2.30 x10²⁴ molecules CO2

Explanation:

Convert mass of CO2 to moles

Convert moles of CO2 to molecules using Avogadro's number.

168.2 g CO2 x 1 mole CO2 / 44 g CO2 x 6.022 x10²³ molecules CO2 / 1 mole CO2

= 2.30 x10²⁴ molecules CO2

Perform the following calculations and express the answers in
scientific notation.
a. 4.2 x 104 kg + 7.9 x 10³ kg
b. (5.23 x 106 um) (7.1 x 10-² μm)
c. 5.44 x 107 g + 8.1 x 104 mol
d. 8.40 x 105 km - 3.1 x 105 km

Answers

The answer of the calculations above in scientific notation are a=8.3 ×10³, b= 3.9 × 10^¹um, c= 1.4 × 10³gmol, d= 5.6× 10²km

Calculation to expressions

In calculation of various expressions, the results can be expressed in a scientific notation which is a way to compress cumbersome figures.

(4.2 x 104 kg) + (7.9 x 10³ kg)

4.2 × 104 = 436.8

7.9 × 10³ = 7900

436.8 + 7900 = 8,336.8

The scientific notation= 8.3 ×10³kg

(5.23 x 106 um) (7.1 x 10-² μm)

5.23 x 106 um = 554.38um

554.38 × 7.1 = 3,936.1

3,936.1 × 10^-²

3.9 × 10³ × 10^-²= 3.9 × 10^¹um

The scientific notation= 3.9 × 10^¹um

5.44 x 107 g + 8.1 x 104 mol

5.44 x 107 g = 582.08g

8.1 x 104 mol = 842.4 mol

582.08g+ 842.4 mol = 1,424.48

The scientific notation = 1.4 × 10³gmol

(8.40 x 105 km) - (3.1 x 105 km)

8.40 x 105 km = 882km

3.1 × 105 = 325.5km

882km - 325.5km = 556.5

The scientific notation = 5.6× 10²km

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Which of these elements have the smallest 1st ionization energy

Answers

Answer:

Ionization energy increases as you go across a period, and increases as you move up a group. So, elements with the smallest ionization energy would be at the bottom left corner of the periodic table. Examples of elements with small ionization energy: Francium (Fr), Cesium (Cs), Radium (Ra).

What happens to the ice pack over time?

Answers

Answer:

it melts?

I don't really know but I have 60% that I think the answer is correct

Determine the molecular geometry based on the description of bonding and lone pairs of electrons around the central atom.Three double bonds and no lone pairs of electronsFour single bonds and no lone pairs of electronsTwo double bonds and no lone pairs of electronsThree single bonds and one lone pair of electronsFive single bonds and no lone pairs of electronsSix single bonds and no lone pairs of electronsTwo single bonds and two lone pairs of electrons

Answers

The molecular geometry based on the description of bonding and lone pairs are as follows:



- Three double bonds and no lone pairs of electrons: linear


- Four single bonds and no lone pairs of electrons: tetrahedral


- Two double bonds and no lone pairs of electrons: bent/angular


- Three single bonds and one lone pair of electrons: trigonal pyramidal


- Five single bonds and no lone pairs of electrons: trigonal bipyramidal


- Six single bonds and no lone pairs of electrons: octahedral


- Two single bonds and two lone pairs of electrons: bent/angular

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Perform Calculatlons Using Ksp Question For the following equilibrium; HgBr2(s) ~= Hg?+(aq) + 2Br"(aq) If Ksp 6.2 x 10-20, what is the molar solubility of mercury (II) bromide (HgBrz)? Report your answer in scientific notation with the correct number of significant figures Provide your answer below:'

Answers

The molar solubility of mercury (II) bromide (HgBr2) is 7.00 × 10^-7 M. This is the long answer to the problem.

To perform calculations using Ksp for the given equilibrium HgBr2(s)  ↔ Hg2+(aq) + 2Br-(aq) and find the molar solubility of mercury (II) bromide (HgBr2) we have to use the solubility product expression.Ksp for HgBr2 is 6.2 × 10^-20Ksp = [Hg2+][Br-]^2 Since the initial concentration of HgBr2 is given as s, and after dissociation, the concentration of Hg2+ becomes s, while the concentration of Br- becomes 2s.[Hg2+] = s M and [Br-] = 2s MThus,Ksp = [Hg2+][Br-]^2= s(2s)^2= 4s^3= 6.2 × 10^-20Molar solubility of HgBr2 is given as s, therefore;s = (6.2 × 10^-20/4)1/3s = 7.00 × 10^-7 M

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Calculate the change in thermal energy when 2kg of water is heated from 20°C to 80°C.​

Answers

Answer:

504000 J

Explanation:

Applying,

Δq = cm(Δt)............. Equation 1

Where Δq = change in thermal energy, c = specific heat capacity of water,  m = mass of water, Δt = change in temperature.

From the question,

Given: m = 2 kg, Δt = 80-20 = 60°C

Constant; c = 4200 J/kg.°C

Substitute these values into equation 1

Δq = 2(4200)(60)

Δq = 504000 J

Hence the thermal energy is  504000 J

Suppose that during that icy hot lab 65,000 J of energy were transferred to 450 g of water at 20°C what would have have been the final temperature of the water

Answers

During that icy hot lab, 65,000 J of energy was transferred to 450 g of water at 20°C, the final temperature of the water will be 54.5 °C.

Energy transferred = 65,000 J or 65 KJ

Mass of the water = 450 g

Initial temperature (T1) = 20 °C

Final temperature (T2) = ?

Specific heat of H2O = 4.186 J /g. °C

We will calculate the final temperature by using the following equation.

q = m.c.ΔT

Rearrange it for ΔT

ΔT = q / m.c

And ΔT = T2 - T1

Put ΔT value in the equation

T2 - T1 = q / m.c

Put the values

T2 - 20°C = 65000 j / 450 g × 4.186 J /g. °C

T2 - 20°C = 65000 j / 1883.7 j /°C

T2 - 20°C = 34.51 °C

T2 = 34.51 °C + 20 °C

T2 = 54.5 °C

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PLEASE HELP ASAP
Gay-Lussac was a scientist who discovered the relationship between pressure and temperature of gases. what kind of relationship did he discover?
A. direct
B. intentional
C. indirect
D. chemical ​

Answers

Answer:

I think its D.!!

Explanation:

Cellular respiration occur within ______ of a cell.


Answers

Answer:

The mitochondria

Explanation:

Its where cellular respiration occurs

Where did the word "atom" come from?

Answers

ancient Greece of 400 B.C.there was a brilliant philosopher named Democritus, and he proposed the Greek word atomos, which means uncuttable. And so as he explained, all matter was eventually reducible to discrete, small particles or atomos.

The term "atom" comes from the Greek word for indivisible, because it was once thought that atoms were the smallest things in the universe and could not be divided. We now know that atoms are made up of three particles: protons, neutrons and electrons — which are composed of even smaller particles, such as quarks. An atom is the basic unit of an element. Less scientifically, the word atom can also mean a very small piece of anything at all. ... The Greek root of atom is atomos, which means "indivisible," since the scientists who first gave the atom its name imagined it couldn't be split or divided into smaller pieces. Democritus was a Greek philosopher who was the first person to use the term atom (atomos: meaning indivisible).

2. How many mi hr is 30km/s?​

Answers

The answer is 67 108.0888km/s.

Structural, electronic, and thermodynamic properties of TiO$_{2}$/organic clusters: performance of DFTB method with different parameter sets

Answers

A second-order extension of the Kohn-Sham total energy in density-functional theory (DFT) with respect to charge density fluctuations serves as the foundation for the density functional based tight binding (DFTB) approach.

What is DFTB method?

The density functional based tight binding (DFTB) electronic structure method was used to study the clusters of bare TiO2 and TiO2 with linked organic ligands modeling polyorganic composites used as photocatalytic materials. The results were compared to those obtained from B3LYP/6-31G(d,p) calculations, semiempirical methods PM6 and PM7, and available experimental data. It was discovered that the highly scalable DFTB approach produces outcomes that are nearly on the level of theory B3LYP/6-31G(d,p).The trans3d set more accurately reproduces the energies of the composite material production in polycondensation processes, but the corrected version of the tiorg DFTB parameter set (tiorg-smooth) performs better for structural parameter estimations. The tiorg-smooth and trans3d settings perform better than the matsci set in some way. Studies of adsorption complexes of bare TiO2 clusters can be conducted using the tiorg-smooth and matsci sets.

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a ___ wave is a disturbance in matter that transfers energy through the matter.

Answers

The answer is mechanical wave!

Hope this helps!
Brainliest and a like is much appreciated!

Answer:

Mechanical Waves

Help!
The quantity of matter anything contains.
A. weight
B. mass
C. volume

Answers

Answer: B. Mass

Explanation: The quantity of matter anything contains is called mass.

The quantity of matter (anything) contains: B mass

What is an atom?
A An atom is a round spherical object found inside most objects made of
matter
B. An atom is a round spherical object found inside objects made of matter
C. An atom is a basic building block of matter.
D. An atom is a subunit of longer extended structures.

Answers

Explanation:

what is an atom?

An atom is a basic building block of matter.

Which of the following molecules contains only single bonds?
(A)CH3CH2COOH
(B) CH3COCH3
(C) HCN
(D)C2H6
(E) CO2

Answers

Answer:

D) C2H6

Explanation:

All the other molecules contain double (or triple) bonds except for C2H6.

Which of the following molecules contains only single bonds?(A)CH3CH2COOH(B) CH3COCH3(C) HCN(D)C2H6(E)
D. Ethane is an organic chemical compound with chemical formula C ₂H ₆. At standard temperature and pressure, ethane is a colorless, odourless gas. Like many hydrocarbons, ethane is isolated on an industrial scale from natural gas and as a petrochemical by-product of petroleum refinin


What pattern do you see as you compare elements that belong in groups IA to VIIIA on the
periodic table

Answers

Group IA are metals and all react vigorously because they have 1 valence electron in their outer most shell and the reactivity increases as you go down the group. Group VIIIA are non reactive because of their complete valence shell.

Group IA are metals and all react vigorously because they have 1 valence electron in their outer most shell and the reactivity increases as you go down the group. Group VIIIA are non reactive because of their complete valence shell.

What is molecule?

Molecule is defined as number of atoms combined together, that shows the most smaller chemical compound's fundamental unit that participate in chemical reaction. In the combination of atoms attractive forces play a vital role and it helps to bound the atoms by a chemical bond.

Liquid consist of small range of order and the reason behind this is intermolecular attractive force which is very strong and due to this reason molecules are packed together tightly. Due to presence of high kinetic energy the molecules present in the liquid move rapidly and fastly  with one another.

Water is considered to be the simpler molecule and it consist of hydrogen and oxygen atom bounded together and due to the reason of high electronegativity of the oxygen's atom the bonds present are polar as well as covalent.  Due to presence of high kinetic energy the molecules present in the liquid move rapidly and fastly  with one another.

Therefore,Group IA are metals and all react vigorously because they have 1 valence electron in their outer most shell and the reactivity increases as you go down the group. Group VIIIA are non reactive because of their complete valence shell.

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1. How many grams are in 1.7 x 10^23 particles of Cl2?

2. How many moles are in 3.28 x 10^23 atoms of NaCl? *

3. If I were to determine how many liters 26 grams of water is, what type of conversion would this be? *

A Mass --> Moles --> Particles
B Mass --> Moles --> Volume
C Volume --> Mass --> Moles
D Moles --> Mass --> Volume

Answers

Answer: 1. 20.0 grams

2. 0.272 moles

3. B) Mass --> Moles --> Volume

Explanation:

According to avogadro's law, 1 mole of every substance weighs equal to molecular mass and contains avogadro's number \(6.023\times 10^{23}\) of particles.

To calculate the number of moles, we use the equation:

\(\text{Number of moles}=\frac{\text{Given molecules}}{\text{Avogadros number}}\) or

\(\text{Number of moles}=\frac{\text{Given mass}}{\text{Molar mass}}\) or  

Putting in the values we get:

1. \(\text{Number of moles of} Cl_2=\frac{1.7\times 10^{23}}{6.023\times 10^{23}}=0.282moles\)

Mass of \(Cl_2=moles\times {\text {Molar mass}}=0.282mol\times 71g/mol=20.0g\)

2. \(\text{Number of moles of NaCl}=\frac{3.28\times 10^{23}}{2\times 6.023\times 10^{23}}=0.272moles\)

3. \(\text{Number of moles of water}=\frac{26g}{18g/mol}=1.44moles\)

Volume of water =\(moles\times {\text {Molar volume}}=1.44mol\times 22.4L/mol=32.4L\)

Which of the following is not an ionic compound

Which of the following is not an ionic compound

Answers

Answer:

bR2 since it is nonpolar

Can someone plz help me with this science

Can someone plz help me with this science

Answers

Answer:

The answer is A.

Explanation:

The answer is A because it is talking about a living organism.

Hope this helps! :)

is the molar solubiliy of calcium hydroxide in a solution containing calciul chloride greater in molar solubility than calcium hydroxide in water?

Answers

Yes, the molar solubility of calcium hydroxide in a solution containing calcium chloride is greater than the molar solubility of calcium hydroxide in water due to the common ion effect.

The molar solubility of calcium hydroxide in a solution containing calcium chloride is greater than the molar solubility of calcium hydroxide in water. This is because calcium chloride is a common ion in the solution, which means it reduces the solubility of calcium hydroxide due to the common ion effect. However, the presence of calcium ions in the calcium chloride solution helps to offset this effect and increase the solubility of calcium hydroxide. Therefore, the molar solubility of calcium hydroxide in a solution containing calcium chloride is greater than in water.

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When chlorine gas comes into contact with magnesium metal at high temperatures, solid magnesium chloride is created. Classify this reaction.
Hint: It may help to write the balanced equation.

a) double replacement
b)synthesis
c) decomposition
d) single replacement

Answers

The balanced equation for this reaction is: 2Mg + \(Cl_{2}\) → \(2MgCl_{2}\).

Based on this, the classification of the reaction is (d) single replacement.

The given chemical equation is:

Mg(s) + \(Cl_{2}\)(g) → \(MgCl_{2}\)(s)

In this reaction, magnesium metal (Mg) reacts with chlorine gas (\(Cl_{2}\)) to form solid magnesium chloride (\(MgCl_{2}\)).

During the reaction, the magnesium atoms lose electrons to form magnesium ions with a +2 charge, while the chlorine molecules gain electrons to form chloride ions with a -1 charge. These ions then combine to form the ionic compound, magnesium chloride.

Based on the type of reaction, this can be classified as a synthesis reaction, where two or more substances combine to form a single, more complex substance.

Therefore, option (b) - synthesis is the correct classification for the given chemical reaction.

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¿ que uso e damos ala tecnología en nuestra vida diaria ? ¿que impacto tendría el no contar con la tecnología? ¿cuales son las nuevas tecnologías? ayúdenme por favor

Answers

Answer:

We in daily life use technology to pay virtually through virtual wallets, work at home, purchase packages to travel abroad, many businesses handle virtual advertising, that is why it is called the new "market window" to social networks or internet pages, university universities playful methods through virtual campuses or virtual classes.

The serious impact is very great since many of the activities of daily life change, and they will return to being as before the technology affected in our lives, reversing customs and technological generations.

The new technologies are: computer science, engineering, arquetectonica, scientific, industrial, commercial ... Where a fourth industrial revolution arises where many processes that were carried out by humans today would be automated by computers or technological devices that improve market efficiency, of consumption and industrialization.

Explanation:

In addition, new technologies are those that are based on electronic devices that are based on social communication, the development of social networks and technology based on global communications.

What is the compound name of N2F3?

Answers

Answer:

Nitrogen Trifluoride

Explanation:

The name of the compound  given in the question is nitrogen trifluoride.

What is a compound?

Compound is defined as a chemical substance made up of identical molecules containing atoms from more than one type of chemical element.

Molecule consisting atoms of only one element is not called compound.It is transformed into new substances during chemical reactions. There are four major types of compounds depending on chemical bonding present in them.They are:

1)Molecular compounds where in atoms are joined by covalent bonds.

2) ionic compounds where atoms are joined by ionic bond.

3)Inter-metallic compounds where atoms are held by metallic bonds

4) co-ordination complexes where atoms are held by co-ordinate bonds.

They have a unique chemical structure held together by chemical bonds Compounds have different properties as those of elements because when a compound is formed the properties of the substance are totally altered.

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Which molecules of the following gases will
have the greatest average kinetic energy?
1. N2 at 1 atm and 298 K
2. CO2 at 1 atm and 298 K
3. H2 at 0.5 atm and 298 K
4. He at 0.1 atm and 298 K
5. All of the molecules have the same kinetic
energy

Answers

Answer:

.

Answer: 5 All of the molecules have the same kinetic energy

since the temperature is kept constant at 298 K

Explanation:

The AVERAGE kinetic energy is directly proportional to the absolute temperature.

All the molecules have the same average kinetic energy as average kinetic energy is directly proportional to the absolute temperature. So, the correct option is 5.

What is average kinetic energy?

The average kinetic energy (K) is equal to one-half of the mass (m) of each gas molecule times the root mean square speed (Vrms) squared.

We know that the average kinetic energy is directly proportional to the absolute temperature.

All of the molecules have the same kinetic energy since the temperature is kept constant at 298 K.

Therefore, All the molecules have the same average kinetic energy as average kinetic energy is directly proportional to the absolute temperature.

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I don't know how to write about tentative.....can u help me?​

I don't know how to write about tentative.....can u help me?

Answers

Answer:

The definition of tentative is not definite or final. An example of tentative is possible, though not definite, plans to go to the movies sometime on Friday.

A sample of ground beef contains 21.3% protein and 16.9% fat, both by mass. What mass of this ground beef, in grams, contains 350 Calories? Assume all Calories come from protein and fat.

Answers

Answer:

147.5 grams

Explanation:

Let the required mass of ground beef be m .

protein in it = .213 m

fat in it = .169 m

1 gram of protein gives 4 cals .

1 gram of fat gives 9 cals .

cals given by .213 m protein = 4 x .213 m .

cals given by .169 m fat  = 9 x .169 m .

4 x .213 m  + 9 x .169 m = 350

.852 m + 1.521 m = 350

2.373 m = 350

m = 147.5 grams Ans

What eventually happens to a gas if its pressure is increased?​

Answers

Answer:

According to Boyle's law pressure of a particular amount of gas is inversely proportional to the volume of the gas.So, when we increase the pressure of the gas the volume of the gas decrease and the gas start to condense.Thus if the pressure of a gas increases it starts to condense.

Explanation:

Hope It Helps!!!!

Answer:

See belwo

Explanation:

First it becomes a compressed gas.... further pressure will cause it to condense into a liquid.

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